In an experiment of one-pass aerobic fermentation, sawdust was used as the amendment and straw was used as the bulking agent. The forced aeration was at the rate of 0.1 m(3)/h while the influence of nitrogen and microbe sources on the process was thus investigated. The oil degradation rate was up to 52.7% after fermentation under the conditions of poultry manure as the nitrogen source and HJ-1 strain as the microbe. Simultaneously, the color of oily sludge changed from black to brown, the stink from the manure disappeared, and the appearance of the sludge changed from a sticky state to loose particles. The analytical results indicated that the amount of saturated hydrocarbons in the refinery sludge was decreased remarkably after fermentation.