PC/PMMA 블렌드의 상거동과 기체투과 특성

김명호; 김창근; 강용수; 박현채; 원종옥

Polymer(Korea), Vol.21, No.6, 1014-1021, November, 1997

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PC/PMMA 블렌드의 상거동과 기체투과 특성

Phase Behavior and Gas Permeability of PC/PMMA Blends

김명호, 김창근, 강용수, 박현채, 원종옥

초록

폴리카보네이트(PC)와폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(PMMA) 블렌드의 상거동과 기체투과 특성을 조사하였다. 높은 분자량을 갖는 PC와 PMMA로 구성된 블렌드는 평형상태에서 두 상의 블렌드를 형성하는 반면 PC와 비교적 낮은 분자량의 PMMA와의 블렌드는 단상의 블렌드를 형성하였고 LCST 형태의 상분리 거동을 보였다. 상분리 온도와 상태방정식 이론으로부터 유도한 상호작용 에너지는 0.05ca1/cm³로 블렌드의 관찰된 상분리 거동을 잘 묘사하였다. 비록 블렌드가 같은 화학적 조성과 구성비를 갖고 있어도 기체투과 특성은 블렌드의 추조에 따라 달라지는 특징을 나타내었다. 단상의 블렌드의 기체 투과도는 additive 특성 값보다 작은 값을 갖고 있는 (negative deviation) 반면, 두 상의 블렌드는 additive 특성 값보다 큰 값을 갖고 있었다(rositive deviation) 기체 투과도의 차이는 블렌드가 단상 혹은 두 상을 형성하는데 따른 자유부피와 블렌드 구조 차이로부터 기인한 확산계수의 차에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었다.

Phase behavior and gas transport properties of polycarbonate, PC, blend with polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA, were investigated. Blend of PC and PMMA having relatively high molecular weight did not form miscible blend at the equilibrium state, while blend composed of PC and relatively low molecular weight PMMA formed miscible blend at the equilibrium state. Miscible blends showed LCST type Phase behavior. lilteraction energy density between PC and PMMA obtained Jrom the phase boundaries and equation of state theory was 0.05 ca1/cm. The value of interaction energy density explained well the phase behavior of blend. Even though the blends were composed of the same chemica] components and composition gas transport Properties were varied with blend morphology. Gas permeability of miscible blend showed negative deviation Jrom the additive characteristics, while that of immiscible blend showed positive deviation The difference of gas permeation stewed from the diffusivity, i.e., difference in the free volume and morphology.

Keywords:PC;PMMA;blend;interaction energy;gas transport

[References]

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[2] Olabisi O, Robeson LM, Shaw MT, "Polymer-Polymer Miscibility," Academic, New York (1979)

[3] Fowler ME, Barlow JW, Paul DR, Polymer, 28, 1177 (1987)

[4] Paul DR, Barlow JW, Polymer, 25, 487 (1984)

[5] Chiou JS, Barlow JW, Paul DR, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 25, 1459 (1987)

[6] Gardlund ZG, ACS Symp. Ser., 206, 129 (1984)

[7] Nishimoto M, Keskkula H, Paul DR, Polymer, 32, 272 (1991)

[8] Kyu T, Lim DS, Polym. Prepr., V29(N2), 354 (1988)

[9] Kyu T, Saldanha JM, ACS Polym. Prepr., 28, 124 (1987)

[10] Kyu T, Saldanha JM, Lim DS, Polym. Prepr., V29(N1), 454 (1988)

[11] Kyu T, Saldanha JM, Polym. Sci. Polym. Lett., 26, 33 (1988)

[12] Kyu T, Saldanha JM, Macromolecules, 20, 2840 (1987)

[13] Kyu T, Saldanha JM, Macromolecules, 21, 1021 (1988)

[14] Landry CJ, Henrichs PM, Macromolecules, 22, 2157 (1989)

[15] Kim WN, Burns CM, Macromolecules, 20, 1876 (1987)

[16] Koros WJ, Paul DR, Rocha AA, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 14, 687 (1976)

[17] Koros WJ, Paul DR, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 14, 1903 (1976)

[18] Nishi T, Kwei TK, Polymer, 16, 285 (1976)

[19] Alexandrovich P, Karasz FE, MacKnight WJ, Polymer, 18, 1022 (1977)

[20] Paul DR, Barlow JW, J. Macromol. Sci.-Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., C18, 109 (1980)

[21] Flory PJ, "Principles of Polymer Chemistry," Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY (1955)

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[24] Prigogine I, "The Molecular Theory of Solutions," North-Holland, Amsterdam (1957)

[25] Flory PJ, Discuss. Faraday Soc., 49, 7 (1970)

[26] Flory PJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 87, 1833 (1965)

[27] Rodgers PA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 48, 1061 (1993)

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[29] Sanchez IC, Lacombe RH, J. Phys. Chem., 80, 2568 (1976)

[30] Sanchez IC, Lacombe RH, Macromolecules, 11, 1145 (1978)

[31] Kim CK, Paul DR, Polymer, 33, 1630 (1992)

[32] Kim CK, Paul DR, Polymer, 33, 2089 (1992)

[33] Kim CK, Paul DR, Polymer, 33, 4941 (1992)

[34] Kim CK, Paul DR, Polymer, 33, 4929 (1992)

[35] Sanchez IC, Lacombe RH, J. Polym. Sci. C: Polym. Lett., 15, 71 (1977)

[36] Paul DR, J. Membr. Sci., 18, 75 (1984)

[37] Lee WM, Polym. Eng. Sci., 20, 65 (1980)

[38] Hopfenberg HB, Paul DR, "Polymer Blends," D.R. Paul and S. Newman, Eds., vol. 1, cap. 10, Academic, New York (1978)

[39] Ranby BG, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp., 51, 89 (1975)

[40] Chiou JS, Barlow JW, Paul DR, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 30, 1173 (1985)

[41] Chiou JS, Paul DR, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 33, 2935 (1987)