Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.47, No.11, 4463-4470, 2008
Hydrogallation of alkynes with H-GaCl2: Formation of organoelement dichlorogallium compounds potentially applicable as chelating Lewis acids
Treatment of trimethylsilylethynyl benzenes C6H6-x(C C-SiMe3)(x) (x = 1-3) with the hydridodichlorogallium compound H-GaCl2 afforded, almost quantitatively, the alkenylphenyl compounds C6H6-x[C(H)=C(SiMe3)-GaCl2](x) [x = 1 (6), 2 (7), and 3 (8)] by hydrogallation. Only compound 6 was readily soluble in n-hexane; it formed dimers via Ga-Cl bridges. The bisalkenyl compound 7 was only sparingly soluble; its molecular structure consisted of a singular dimeric formula unit with a cyclophane-type constitution and two bridging Ga2Cl2 heterocycles. The overall structure may be described by a molecular box formed by a large macrocycle comprising 22 Ga, C, and Cl atoms. Compound 8 proved to be insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents. Its molecular structure could not be detected. Extraction of the solid raw products of 7 and 8 with diethyl ether yielded small quantities of the ether adducts C6H6-x[C(H)=C(SiMe3)-GaCl2(OEt2)](x) (x = 2, 3) [7(OEt2)(2) and 8(OEt2)(3)], both of which are monomeric because of the coordinative saturation of their gallium atoms. The tetraalkyne 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene gave a different reaction course. Complete hydrogallation resulted in the release of 2 equiv of GaCl3, and neighboring alkenyl groups of the product 9 were connected by GaCl bridges to form seven-membered heterocycles and an overall tricyclic compound. Compound 9 was characterized as a diethyl ether adduct.