Itacolumite is a particular type of sandstone constituted of quartz grains, with an interlocked microstructure and large intergranular decohesions. This article is devoted to the study of the thermo-elastic behaviour of this material during thermal cycles between 20 and 800 C. This was made by using an ultrasonic pulse-echo measurement technique of Young's modulus E, coupled to thermal expansion experimentation and to acoustic emission. An unusual evolution of elastic properties versus temperature is found, with strong irreversible effects around the temperature of the alpha-beta transition of quartz. A damage parameter, representing the fractional number of cracks, is calculated with a Kachanov type formulation, by using the experimental data for itacolumite and the values of E, obtained from literature for an hypothetic ideal quartz polycrystal. The evolution of this parameter versus temperature is explained by internal stresses that are developed by both thermal and elastic effects in quartz grains.