To support a sustainable industrial growth, chemical engineering today faces a crucial challenge of meeting the increasing demand for materials and energy. One possible solution is to decrease the equipment size/productivity ratio, energy consumption, and waste generation via process integration and optimization. This review focuses on the integration of electrodialysis with traditional unit operations and other membrane separations. Such integrations, due to their diversity and practicability, can be versatile tools to meet specific needs from chemical, biochemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. (C) 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 54: 3147-3159, 2008