Atomization and Sprays, Vol.18, No.8, 723-738, 2008
Effect of periodic disturbances on non-Newtonian fluid sprays
Gels are non-Newtonian fluids that exhibit shear thinning behavior, and in general, they are more difficult to atomize in comparison to the liquids they are based on. To improve the gel spray characteristics, periodic disturbances were introduced on the atomized fluid jet, at the exit plane of a triplet air-blast atomizer. An experimental system that imposed periodic, constant-amplitude disturbances with controllable frequencies between 100 and 1100 Hz was designed and built. Water and water-based carbopol gels were used as atomized fluids at flow rates between 5 and 22 g/s. In most cases, the experiments showed a reduction in the Sauter mean diameter of the spray between 25% and 60%, depending on the gellant content, mass flow rate, and air-to-liquid ratio. In an originally bimodal spray, an increasing dominance of the small droplet mode with increasing disturbance frequency was observed.