In this study, an orthogonal array design (OAD), OA(9), was employed as a statistical experimental method for the controllable, simple and fast synthesis of silver oxalate nanorods. Ultrafine silver oxalate rods were synthesized by a precipitation method involving the addition of silver ion solution to the oxalate reagent. The effects of reaction conditions, i.e., silver and oxalate concentrations, flow rate of reagent addition and temperature, on the diameter of the synthesized silver oxalate rods were investigated. The effects of these factors on the width of the silver oxalate rods were quantitatively evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that silver oxalate nanorods can be synthesized by controlling the silver concentration, flow rate and temperature. Finally, the optimum conditions for the synthesis of silver oxalate nanorods by this simple and fast method were proposed. The results of ANOVA showed that 0.001 mol/L silver ion concentration, 40 mL/min flow rate for the addition of the silver reagent to the oxalate solution and 0 degrees C temperature are the optimum conditions for producing silver oxalate nanorods with 107 +/- 45 nm width.