The effect of anode microstructure on the electrochemical performance of cathode-supported micro solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) was evaluated using current-voltage and ac impedance measurements. Small-scale cells were fabricated by the extrusion of a microtubular (La0.8Sr0.2)(0.97)MnO3 support and subsequent surface coating with a Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95/Sc2O3-doped ZrO2 bilayer electrolyte and NiO-Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 anode layers. Impedance analysis and scanning electron microscopy observations indicate that an anode layer with coarse NiO particles has a higher porosity and electrode activity than that with fine NiO particles. The SOFC with coarse NiO particles generated more than twice the power density of that with fine NiO particles.