In our previous work, a hybrid shish kebab structure, with polyethylene (PE) crystal lamellae periodically decorated on the surface of an inorganic whisker (SMCW) and aligned approximately perpendicular to the long axis of the whisker, has been observed in the injection molded bar of PE/SMCW composites. To investigate the effect of the molecular weight of the PE matrix on the formation of the hybrid shish kebab structure and the corresponding physical properties of HDPE/SMCW composites, in this work, three types of PE with different molecular weights were used to prepare the composites. They were first melt blended and then subjected to dynamic packing injection molding (DPIM), in which the prolonged shear was exerted on the melt during the solidification stage. An obvious hybrid shish kebab (HSK) structure, with PE crystal lamellae closely packed on the surface of the SMCW, was found in the samples with a low molecular weight PE (LMW-PE) matrix and a medium molecular weight PE (MMW-PE) matrix. However, in samples with a high molecular weight PE (HMW-PE) matrix, an incomplete HSK structure with PE crystal lamellae loosely decorated on the surface of the SMCW was observed. Furthermore, DSC results indicated that SMCW served as a good nucleating agent only for the composite with a LMW-PE matrix and the nucleation efficiency decreased with increasing PE molecular weight. Correspondingly, the tensile strength of the PE/SMCW composites was significantly improved by adding SMCW for the samples with a LMW-PE or MMW-PE matrix. Especially for samples with a LMW-PE matrix, the tensile strength was remarkably enhanced by the presence of only 1 wt % SMCW. For the composites with a HMW-PE matrix, the addition of SMCW had almost no reinforcing effect on the composites. The molecular weight dependence of the formation of HSK and property enhancement was discussed on the basis of the chain mobility and crystallization capability of the PE matrix.