Comparison of combustion properties of native wood species used for fire pots in Korea

Yeong-Jin Chung

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.16, No.1, 15-19, January, 2010

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2010.01.031 Export Citation

Comparison of combustion properties of native wood species used for fire pots in Korea

Yeong-Jin Chung^†

Department of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Kangwon National University, Samcheok-city, Gangwon-do 245-711, Republic of Korea

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In Korean rural homes, wood is used as a fuel in fire pots for cooking and heating. The process of combustion generates products which may be harmful to occupants. This paper investigates the combustion characteristics of four species of Korean native wood using the cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). The peak HRR of the Oak at 50 kW/m2 was 375.7 kW/m2 in comparison with 287.7, 370.5 and 193.7 kW/m2 for the Pitch Pine, Chestnut Tree and Zelkova, respectively. In addition, Oak has low CO(peak) yield (0.0581 kg/kg) compared to that of Pitch Pine and Chestnut Tree except for Zelkova and lower CO/CO2 yield (0.013144) than Chestnut Tree and Zelkova except for Pitch Pine which had for 0.000012. Also, the Oak relatively has the low specific extinction area (SEA(peak), 79.80 m2/kg) except for Chestnut Tree. With respect to the reduction of incidents of gaseous poisoning cause headache and sickness attributed to CO production, Oak showed excellent properties compared with that of Pitch Pine, Chestnut Tree and Zelkova.

Keywords:Native wood;Fire pots;Combustion characteristics;Gaseous poisoning

[References]

Katzer GR, How Wood Stacked-up Against Other Fuels in 1977, Report No. 597, Physics and Engineering Laboratory, DSIR, New Zealand (1978)
Cheremisinoff NP, Wood for Energy Production, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (1980)
Steiner K, Fuels and Fuel Burners, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York (1946)
Kubler H, Wood as Building and Hobby Material, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA (1980)
Shafizadeh F, DeGroot WF, in: Shafizadeh F, Sarkenen KV, Tillman DA (Eds.), Thermal Uses and Properties of Carbohydrates and Lignins, Academic Press, New York, USA (1976)
Drysdale D, An Introduction to Fire Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons, USA (1996)
Spearpoint MJ, Quintiere JG, Fire Saf. J., 36, 391 (2001)
Chirico AD, Armanini M, Chini P, Cioccolo P, Provasoli F, Audisio G, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 79, 139 (2002)
Pearce FM, Khanna YP, Raucher D, Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials, Academic Press, New York, USA, 1981, Chapter 8.
Babrauskas V, Ignition of Wood: A Review of the State of the Art. Interflam. 2001, Interscience Communications Ltd., London, UK, 2001, pp. 71-88.
Buchanan AH, Structural Design for Fire Safety, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2001)
Spearpoint MJ, Predicting in Ignition and Burning Rate of Wood in the Cone Calorimeter using an Integral Model, NIST GCR 99-775, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA (1999)
Babrauskas V, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 3rd ed., National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, USA (2002)
Tran HC, White RH, Fire Mater., doi:10.1002/fam.810160406., 16, 197 (1992)
Chung YJ, Spearpoint M, Int. J. Eng. Perform. Based Fire Codes, 9, 118 (2009)
Carle JB, Brown JL, in: Watt GS (Ed.), Wood as a Source of Solid Fuel, A Review, New Zealand Forest Service, Auckland (1976)
Tissari J, Hytonen K, Lyynranen J, Jokinienmi J, Atmos. Environ., 41, 8330 (2007)
Glasius M, Ketzel M, Wahlin P, Jensen B, Monster J, Berkowicz R, Palmgren F, Atmos. Environ., doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.047., 40, 7115 (2006)
Chung YJ, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(3), 251 (2007)
Meredith T, Vale A, Br. Med. J., 296, 77 (1988)
Hauck H, Neuberger M, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol., 53, 186 (1984)
US OSHA, Chemical sampling information: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (by COHb), 2008, http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225600.html, http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225400.html and http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225610.html.
BallardTremeer G, Jawurek HH, Biomass Bioenerg., 11(5), 419 (1996)
ISO 3130, Wood.determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests (1975)
ISO 5660-1, Reaction-to-fire tests - heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate - part 1: heat release rate (cone calorimeter method) - part 2: smoke production rate (dynamic measurement) (2002)
EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products. Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item (2002)
Babrauskas V, Grayson SJ, Heat Release in Fires, E & FN Spon (Chapman and Hall), London, UK (1992)
Babrauskas V, Fire Mater., doi:10.1002/fam.810080206., 8, 81 (1984)
Hull RT, Paul KT, Fire Saf. J., 42, 340 (2007)

[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Katzer GR, How Wood Stacked-up Against Other Fuels in 1977, Report No. 597, Physics and Engineering Laboratory, DSIR, New Zealand (1978)

[2] Cheremisinoff NP, Wood for Energy Production, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (1980)

[3] Steiner K, Fuels and Fuel Burners, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York (1946)

[4] Kubler H, Wood as Building and Hobby Material, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA (1980)

[5] Shafizadeh F, DeGroot WF, in: Shafizadeh F, Sarkenen KV, Tillman DA (Eds.), Thermal Uses and Properties of Carbohydrates and Lignins, Academic Press, New York, USA (1976)

[6] Drysdale D, An Introduction to Fire Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons, USA (1996)

[7] Spearpoint MJ, Quintiere JG, Fire Saf. J., 36, 391 (2001)

[8] Chirico AD, Armanini M, Chini P, Cioccolo P, Provasoli F, Audisio G, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 79, 139 (2002)

[9] Pearce FM, Khanna YP, Raucher D, Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials, Academic Press, New York, USA, 1981, Chapter 8.

[10] Babrauskas V, Ignition of Wood: A Review of the State of the Art. Interflam. 2001, Interscience Communications Ltd., London, UK, 2001, pp. 71-88.

[11] Buchanan AH, Structural Design for Fire Safety, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2001)

[12] Spearpoint MJ, Predicting in Ignition and Burning Rate of Wood in the Cone Calorimeter using an Integral Model, NIST GCR 99-775, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA (1999)

[13] Babrauskas V, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 3rd ed., National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, USA (2002)

[14] Tran HC, White RH, Fire Mater., doi:10.1002/fam.810160406., 16, 197 (1992)

[15] Chung YJ, Spearpoint M, Int. J. Eng. Perform. Based Fire Codes, 9, 118 (2009)

[16] Carle JB, Brown JL, in: Watt GS (Ed.), Wood as a Source of Solid Fuel, A Review, New Zealand Forest Service, Auckland (1976)

[17] Tissari J, Hytonen K, Lyynranen J, Jokinienmi J, Atmos. Environ., 41, 8330 (2007)

[18] Glasius M, Ketzel M, Wahlin P, Jensen B, Monster J, Berkowicz R, Palmgren F, Atmos. Environ., doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.047., 40, 7115 (2006)

[19] Chung YJ, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(3), 251 (2007)

[20] Meredith T, Vale A, Br. Med. J., 296, 77 (1988)

[21] Hauck H, Neuberger M, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol., 53, 186 (1984)

[22] US OSHA, Chemical sampling information: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (by COHb), 2008, http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225600.html, http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225400.html and http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH-225610.html.

[23] BallardTremeer G, Jawurek HH, Biomass Bioenerg., 11(5), 419 (1996)

[24] ISO 3130, Wood.determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests (1975)

[25] ISO 5660-1, Reaction-to-fire tests - heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate - part 1: heat release rate (cone calorimeter method) - part 2: smoke production rate (dynamic measurement) (2002)

[26] EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products. Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item (2002)

[27] Babrauskas V, Grayson SJ, Heat Release in Fires, E & FN Spon (Chapman and Hall), London, UK (1992)

[28] Babrauskas V, Fire Mater., doi:10.1002/fam.810080206., 8, 81 (1984)

[29] Hull RT, Paul KT, Fire Saf. J., 42, 340 (2007)