급격 확대 및 축소관의 압력손실계수에 대한 전산유체역학 해석의 예측성능 평가

김현정; 박종필; Hyun Jung Kim; Jong-Pil Park

Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.21, No.3, 258-264, June, 2010

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급격 확대 및 축소관의 압력손실계수에 대한 전산유체역학 해석의 예측성능 평가

Assessment of CFD Estimation Capability for the Local Loss Coefficients of Sudden Contraction and Expansion

김현정, 박종필^{1, †}

호서대학교 수학과
¹부산대학교 기계공학부

Hyun Jung Kim, and Jong-Pil Park^{1, †}

Department of Mathematics, Hoseo University, Chungnam 336-795, Korea
¹School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea

E-mail:

초록

대형 선박과 발전소 및 화학 공장 등을 구성하는 배관 및 계통은 다양한 구성요소들로 이루어져 있다. 밴드, 티, 급격확대, 급격축소, 오리피스와 같은 이러한 구성요소들은 시스템 전체의 압력강하를 유발한다. 집중변수모델을 사용하여 구성요소들에 의한 압력손실은 계산할 시에는 압력손실계수인 k-factor가 제공되어야 한다. 일반적으로 많은 공학분야에서 k-factor의 계산에 Idelchik 모델이 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 해석을 통하여 압력손실계수를 계산하고 그 결과를 Idelchik이 제안한 압력손실계수와 비교하였다. 이는 복잡한 유동영역의 압력손실계수 계산에 전산유체역학 코드의 활용성을 검증하기 위함이다. 해석결과, 레이놀즈 응력 모델이 압력손실계수를 가장 잘 예측하고 있다. 전산유체역학을 통한 압력손실계수 평가는 사용된 난류모델에 영향을 받지만 압력손실계수를 잘 예측하고 있으므로 압력손실 계산에 전산유체역학 코드를 사용하는 것은 타당하다고 판단된다.

Most of fluid systems, such as P&ID in ships, power plants, and chemical plants, consist of various components. The components such as bends, tees, sudden-expansions, sudden-contractions, and orifices contribute to overall pressure loss of the system. The local pressure losses across such components are determined using a pressure loss coefficient, k-factor, in lumped parameter models. In many engineering problems Idelchik’s k-factor models have been used to estimate them. The present work compares the k-factor based on CFD calculation against Idelchik’s model in order to confirm whether a commercial CFD package can be used for pressure loss coefficient estimation of complex geometries. The results show that RSM is the best appropriate for evaluating pressure loss coefficient. Commercial CFD package can be used as a tool evaluating k-factor even though the accuracy is influenced by a turbulence model.

Keywords:local loss coefficient;CFD;sudden-expansion;sudden-contraction;orifice

[References]

Idelchik IE, Malyavskaya GR, Martnrnko OG, Fried E, Handbook of hydraulic resistance, 2nd Ed., 189, Hemisphere, Washington. DC (1986)
Miller DS, Internal Flow Systems: Design and Performance Prediction, 2nd Ed., 326, BHRA, Cranfield, UK (1990)
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Shlichting H, Boundary layer theory, 7th Ed., 268, McGrraw-Hill, New York (1979)
Nikuradse J, Stomungsgesetz in Rauhen Rohren, VDI-Forschungsch, 361 (1933)
Filonenko GK, Izv. VTI, 10, 17 (1948)
Oliveira PJ, Pinho FT, Schulte A, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 19, 655 (1998)
Rosa S, Pinho FT, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 27, 319 (2006)
Yeh CL, Heat Mass Transfer, 41, 810 (2005)
Tzanos CP, Nuclear Technology, 147, 181 (2004)

[1] Idelchik IE, Malyavskaya GR, Martnrnko OG, Fried E, Handbook of hydraulic resistance, 2nd Ed., 189, Hemisphere, Washington. DC (1986)

[2] Miller DS, Internal Flow Systems: Design and Performance Prediction, 2nd Ed., 326, BHRA, Cranfield, UK (1990)

[3] CRANE, Flow of Fluids through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe, 15, Crane Co., Chicago (1988)

[4] Shlichting H, Boundary layer theory, 7th Ed., 268, McGrraw-Hill, New York (1979)

[5] Nikuradse J, Stomungsgesetz in Rauhen Rohren, VDI-Forschungsch, 361 (1933)

[6] Filonenko GK, Izv. VTI, 10, 17 (1948)

[7] Oliveira PJ, Pinho FT, Schulte A, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 19, 655 (1998)

[8] Rosa S, Pinho FT, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 27, 319 (2006)

[9] Yeh CL, Heat Mass Transfer, 41, 810 (2005)

[10] Tzanos CP, Nuclear Technology, 147, 181 (2004)