Applied Catalysis A: General, Vol.373, No.1-2, 140-146, 2010
Methoxylation of alpha-pinene over heteropolyacids immobilized in silica
The methoxylation of alpha-pinene was studied using heteropolyacids immobilized on silica as catalysts, at 60 degrees C, being the alpha-terpinyl methyl ether the main product. Tungstophosphoric acid (PW), molybdophosphoric acid (PMo), tungstosilicic acid (SiW) and molybdosilicic acid (SiMo) were immobilized on silica by sol-gel method. It was observed that the catalytic activity of the silica-supported heteropolyacids decreases in the series: PW2_S > SiW_S > PMo_S > SiMo_S. A series of PW immobilized on silica with different PW loading were prepared. It was observed that the catalytic activity increases with the amount of PW immobilized on silica. However, at high amount of PW on silica, a decrease of the catalytic activity was observed. Good values of selectivity to alpha-terpinyl methyl ether (about 60% near complete conversion) were obtained with all catalysts. Catalytic stability of the PW2_S was evaluated by performing consecutive batch runs with the same catalyst sample. After the third batch it was observed a stabilisation of the initial activity. A kinetic model was developed assuming that the alpha-pinene is consumed according to the parallel reaction network. It was observed that the kinetic model fits the experimental concentration data quite well. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.