Chemical Engineering Science, Vol.65, No.1, 412-419, 2010
Multi-scale modelling of reaction and transport in porous catalysts
Mathematical models of reaction and transport in porous catalyst on three different scales (nano, micro, and macro) are presented. Methodology is demonstrated on CO oxidation in porous Pt/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst, washcoated on monolith. Morphological characteristics are obtained from TEM and SEM images of the washcoat cross-section. Methods for passing the model results from the bottom to the top level are discussed. On the nano level (I), spatially 3D model of a single meso-porous gamma-Al2O3 particle (approximate to 0.1-1 mu m) is used. Digital reconstruction of porous medium is here based on virtual agglomeration of Al2O3 nanoparticles and consequent deposition of individual Pt crystallites. The model considers the effects of catalytic sites sizes and diffusion in small meso-pores (d approximate to 10 nm). On the micro level (II), spatially 3D model of porous catalytic washcoat (thickness approximate to 30 mu m) is used. Here the reconstruction is based on virtual packing of Pt/gamma-Al2O3 micro-particles described in detail in the model (I). From this model, spatially averaged reaction rate and effectiveness factor are evaluated in dependence on temperature, concentration of reactants, and macro-porous structure of the washcoat (influenced by gamma-Al2O3 micro-particles size and sintering). On the macro level (III), spatially 1D model of catalytic monolith (approximate to 10 cm) with plug flow and solution of mass and heat transport in monolith channel is used. Here the results of the detailed models (I, II) are employed in the form of local reaction rates. The results of the multi-scale modelling approach are compared with standard catalytic monolith models. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Porous catalyst;Mathematical modelling;Digital reconstruction;Reaction and transport;Pt/gamma-Al2O3;CO oxidation