New technology for refining vegetable oil (in particular, rapeseed oil) is proposed; a distinctive feature is the use of one transesterification reactor with a stationary bed of heterogeneous catalyst and an additional stage of hydrotreating of part of the biodiesel to obtain green diesel (high-cetane hydrocarbons) that can be used as an ameliorant for traditional diesel fuels is proposed. The material and heat balances were calculated for the proposed technology.