화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.187, No.1-3, 585-590, 2011
On the temperature dependence of flammability limits of gases
Flammability limits of several combustible gases were measured at temperatures from 5 to 100 degrees C in a 12-I spherical flask basically following ASHRAE method. The measurements were done for methane, propane, isobutane, ethylene, propylene, dimethyl ether, methyl formate, 1,1-difluoroethane, ammonia, and carbon monoxide. As the temperature rises, the lower flammability limits are gradually shifted down and the upper limits are shifted up. Both the limits shift almost linearly to temperature within the range examined. The linear temperature dependence of the lower flammability limits is explained well using a limiting flame temperature concept at the lower concentration limit (LFL) - 'White's rule'. The geometric mean of the flammability limits has been found to be relatively constant for many compounds over the temperature range studied (5-100 degrees C). Based on this fact, the temperature dependence of the upper flammability limit (UFL) can be predicted reasonably using the temperature coefficient calculated for the LFL However, some compounds such as ethylene and dimethyl ether, in particular, have a more complex temperature dependence. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.