화학공학소재연구정보센터
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.35, No.17, 4961-4966, 1996
Swollen Macrocycles - Palladium(II)-Directed Template Syntheses of Pendant-Arm 14-Membered, 16-Membered, and 18-Membered Macrocycles
The bis(diamine)palladium(II) cations (diamine = ethane-1,2-diamine, propane-1,3-diamine, or butane-1,4-diamine) all undergo condensation reactions with formaldehyde and nitroethane to produce macromonocycles where each pair of cis-disposed primary amines has been converted to a -NH-CH2-C(CH3)(NO2)-CH2-NH- strap. The 14-membered-ring macrocycle has been previously prepared by condensation around copper(II) and nickel(II), but this does not permit synthesis of the larger ring macrocycles. The macrocyclic complex (6,13-dimethyl-6, 13-dinitro-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)palladium(II) perchlorate crystallizes in the triclinic space group , a = 8.105(3) Angstrom, b = 8.370(2) Angstrom, c = 9.437(4) Angstrom, alpha = 69.04(3)degrees, beta = 68.60(3), gamma = 71.53(3)degrees. Complexes of the 16- and 18-membered macrocycles (3,11-dimethyl-3,11-dinitro-1,5,9,13-tetraazacyclohexadecane) palladium(II) perchlorate and (3,12-dimethyl-3,12-dinitro-1,5,10,14-tetraaazacyclooctadecane)palladium(II) perchlorate crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, with a = 8.391(2) Angstrom, b = 12.816(3) Angstrom, c = 23.925(9) Angstrom, and beta = 93.18(2)degrees, and the triclinic space group , with a = 7.746(5) Angstrom, b = 9.912(5) Angstrom, c 18.96(2), alpha = 91.76(6)degrees, beta = 101.73(7)degrees, and gamma = 112.83(5)degrees respectively. The larger macrocycles are "swollen" by incorporating longer methylene chains, "swelling" leading to an increase in Pd-N distance and in tetrahedral distortion, with the dominant geometric isomer apparently changing with macrocycle size from anti-disposed nitro pendants (14-membered) to the syn isomer (16-, 18-membered). An irreversible pd(II/IV) oxidation occurs at ca +1 V (vs Ag/AgCl), varying slightly with ring size, with a multi-electron nitro group reduction observed near -0.8 V in each case. Electronic spectra also vary slightly with ring size.