Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Containing Hydrophilic Magnetite Nanoparticles

Seda Beyaz; Taner Tanrisever; Hakan Kockar

Macromolecular Research, Vol.18, No.12, 1154-1159, December, 2010

DOI10.1007/s13233-010-1205-6 Export Citation

Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Containing Hydrophilic Magnetite Nanoparticles

Seda Beyaz^†, Taner Tanrisever, and Hakan Kockar¹

Department of Chemistry, Balikesir University, Balikesir, 10145, Turkey
¹Department of Physics, Balikesir University, Balikesir, 10145, Turkey

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Emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate was carried out in the presence of hydrophilic magnetite nanoparticles using a persulfate initiator. Before the magnetic nanoparticles were placed into the polymerization system, they were dispersed and stabilized electrostatically with perchloric acid in water (magnetic sol). For magnetic nanoparticles in the sol, the hydrodynamic radius and polydispersity index (PDI) measured by dynamic light scattering was 18.8 nm and PDI of 0.282, respectively. The latex sizes also were determined to be 125-223 nm with a PDI of 0.009-0.065. Magnetic measurements by vibrating sample magnetometry confirmed that the magnetite nanoparticles and magnetic pol (methyl methacrylate) nanospheres exhibited superparamagnetism with zero coercivity. The saturation magnetization of the magnetic polymeric nanospheres ranged from 0.2 to 1.19 emu/g depending on the magnetite content. The polymer chain terminations were affected by the addition of magnetite nanoparticles to the polymerization system. In addition, the magnetite that reduced the average molecular weight of the polymers obtained by gel permeation chromatography should be defined as a transfer agent.

Keywords:emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization;superparamagnetic latex;magnetic nanoparticles.

[References]

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[Referenced By]

[1] Elaissari A, E-Polymers, 028, 1 (2005)

[2] Maeda M, Kuroda CS, Shimura T, Tada M, Abe M, Yamamuro S, Sumiyam K, Handa H, J. Appl. Phys., 99, 08H103 (2006)

[3] Gupta PK, Hung CT, Life Sci., 44, 175 (1989)

[4] Wang PC, Chiu WY, Lee CF, Young TH, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 42(22), 5695 (2004)

[5] Pich A, Bhattacharya S, Ghosh A, Adler HJP, Polymer, 46(13), 4596 (2005)

[6] Wang PC, Lee CF, Young TH, Lin DT, Chiu WY, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 43(7), 1342 (2005)

[7] Lu S, Ramos J, Forcada J, Langmuir, 23(26), 12893 (2007)

[8] Faridi-Majidi R, Sharifi-Sanjani N, Agend F, Thin Solid Films, 515(1), 368 (2006)

[9] Gu SC, Onishi JY, Kobayashi Y, Nagao D, Konno M, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 289(2), 419 (2005)

[10] Massart R, IEEE Trans. Magn., 17, 1247 (1981)

[11] Zaitsev VS, Filimonov DS, Presnyakov IA, Gambino RJ, Chu B, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 212(1), 49 (1999)

[12] Liu ZL, Liu YJ, Yao KL, Ding ZH, Tao J, Wang X, J. Mater. Syn. Proc., 10, 83 (2002)

[13] Berne BJ, Pecora R, Dynamic Light Scattering with Applications to Chemistry, Biology, and Physics, Dover, NY, 2000.

[14] Cornell RM, Schertmann U, The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurence and Uses, VCH Publishers, Weinheim, 1996.

[15] Aslamazova TR, Prog. Org. Coat., 25, 109 (1995)

[16] Arai M, Arai K, Saito S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 17, 3655 (1979)

[17] Kolthoff IM, Medalia AI, Raaen HP, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 73, 1733 (1951)

[18] Can S, Tanrisever T, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 103(4), 2494 (2007)

[19] Kashiwagi T, Inaba A, Brown JE, Hatada K, Kitayama T, Masuda E, Macromolecules, 19, 2160 (1986)

[20] Chiu TP, Don TM, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 111(1), 388 (2009)

[21] Manring LE, Macromolecules, 21, 528 (1988)

[22] McNeil IC, Eur. Polym. J., 4, 21 (1968)

[23] Grant DH, Bywater S, J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans., 59, 2105 (1963)

[24] Block PA, Brown RA, Robinson D, Proceed of the Fourth Intern. Confer. on the Rem. of Chlorin. and Recal. Comp. (2004).