Macromolecular Research, Vol.19, No.1, 44-52, January, 2011
Synthesis of Highly Exfoliated PS/Na+-MMT Nanocomposites by Suspension Polymerization Using Na+-MMT Clay Platelets as Suspension Stabilizer
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Synthesis of highly exfoliated polystyrene/Na+-montmorillonite (PS/Na+-MMT) nanocomposites using Na+-MMT clay platelets as stabilizer during suspension polymerization of styrene monomer is discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the presence of a small amount of Na+-MMT during the suspension polymerization of styrene without any suspension stabilizer (PVA) resulted in the formation of spherical PS/Na+-MMT nanocomposites beads with a wide distribution of sizes. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) study revealed
near delamination/high degree of swelling of Na+-MMT clay platelets in water. The exfoliated clay platelets in water media prior to the polymerization of styrene monomer played the role of a stabilizer by preventing the agglomeration of the monomer droplets. Moreover, polymerization of the styrene monomer with organoclay (o-MMT) in the absence of a PVA stabilizer formed clusters of PS/o-MMT nanocomposites. WAXD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a high level of delamination with minor intercalation of silicate layers in the PS/Na+-
MMT nanocomposites, whereas intercalated nanocomposites were produced from the styrene/o-MMT polymerization system. The thermal stability of PS was also increased significantly in the PS/Na+-MMT nanocomposite, compared to that of the PS/o-MMT nanocomposites.
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