Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol.169, No.1-3, 194-199, 2011
A comprehensive assessment on commercially available standard anion resins for tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater
Three commercially available standard anion resins (ARs) produced quality sulfate-free reclaimed water containing low levels of phosphorus (P) (similar to 0.10 mg L-1), nitrate (similar to 0.20 mg L-1) and dissolved organic matters (DOMs) (similar to 0.68 mg L-1) from the actual secondary effluent of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic process for municipal wastewater (MW-SE, containing 67 mg sulfate L-1, 1.30 mg P L-1, 8.50 mg nitrate L-1 and 3.30 mg DOMs L-1) in the fixed-bed column experiments. The influent DOM levels (1.2-9.4 mg L-1) had minor influences on nutrient removal performance. The stable adsorption efficiencies of >= 89, >= 95 and >= 71% and elution efficiencies of >= 99, >= 92 and >= 54% were achieved for phosphate, nitrate and DOMs in 5 successive adsorption-regeneration cycles. The standard ARs should be combined with the anoxic/aerobic biodenitrification process to better recover P resources from MW and achieve the highest nitrogen and P removal. With chloride salt fertilizers (e.g. NH4Cl or KCl) as regenerants, most of the P and nitrate in MW-SE can be concentrated into spent regenerant that can be easily and fully converted to a new nitrogen phosphorus mixed fertilizer, which will finally solve the disposal problem of spent brines. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.