The four species of microalgae (Dunaliella bardawil, Chlorella minutissima, Pavlova lutheri and Haematococcus pluvialis) were immobilized in Ca-alginate capsules as a basic study for the development of the economic cultivation process. Under the batch culture of aerobic conditions, the thickness of the capsule membrane and CO2 supply did not affect the growth of the immobilized microalgae, Dunaliella bardawil. Cell concentration of immobilized microalgae in the capsule was higher than those of immobilized microalgae in beads and free cells. The cell concentrations of microencapsulated Dunaliella bardawil and Haematococcus pluvialis were five times greater than that of free cells. Based on these results, microencapsulation for the culture of microalgae was an effective method for the high-density cultivation. In comparison to the immobilized cultivation on the bioreactor type, it was more effective for the cultivation in the bubble column bioreactor than that in the stirrer tank bioreactor.