Korean Journal of Rheology, Vol.7, No.1, 50-59, April, 1995
발포고무의 마찰 및 마모특성에 관한 연구
A Study on Friction and Wear of Foam Rubbers
초록
겨울용 타이어인 '발포고무 타이어'의 트레드에 적용되는 발포고무의 물성과 마찰 및 마모특성을 조사하였다. 천연고무인 SMR(Standard Malaysian Rubber)-CV6O과 합성고무인 BR-01(Cis-1, 4 Polybutadiene)을 70 : 30 비율로 혼합하였고 발포제로는 개질화된 azodicarbonamide (상품명 : UNICELL AD # 2)을 변량 첨가하여 다양한 발포도의 발포고무를 준비하였다. 발포도의 증가로 발포고무의 Young's modulus와 파괴에너지는 점진적으로 감소하였으나 Tan δ 는 일정한 값을 유지하였다. 매끄러운 유리표면위에서 높은 마찰계수를 보인 발포고무는 발포도의 증가로 크게 감소하였고 거친 표면일수록 마찰계수는 상승하였다. 이같은 마찰계수의 증감경향이 교차되는 발포도는 30∼40%이었다. 0℃에서의 마찰계수도 유리 표면에서 감소하고 거친 표면에서 상승하는 경향을 보였으며 증감경향이 교차하는 발포도는 20%로 낮아졌다. 마찰표면을 마그네시아 분말로 처리하면 전반적으로 마찰계수는 감소하였고 발포도의 크기에 관계없이 마찰표면이 거칠수록 큰 마찰계수를 나타내었다. 발포고무의 발포도가 커지면 마모손실량도 비례하여 증가하였으며 발포도가 낮은 고무에서는 비교적 규칙적인 융기간격이 보였으나 발포도가 30%이상으로 되면 불규칙적인 마모표면과 더불어 많은 마모 부스러기가 관찰되었다.
Physical properties, friction, and abrasion resistance of foam rubbers suitable for tread compound of snow tires, "Foam Rubber Tire", were investigated. Natural rubber(SMR-CV6O) and synthetic rubber(BR-01, Cis-1,4 polybutadiene) were mixed with a blend ratio of 70:30. Foam rubber vulcanizates having various degrees of foaming were prepared by varying the content of a foaming agent(UNICELL AD#2, azodicarbonamide). Young's modulus and fracture energy of the foam rubbers gradually decreased with increasing the degree of foaming, whereas Tan δ stayed const. Friotional coefficient of the foam rubbers considerably decreased on a smooth glass surface, but increased on a rough surface, as the degree of foaming was increased. A cross-over of the trends on the frictional coefficient occurred at the degree of foaming of 30∼40%. When the test temperature was decreased from 25℃ to 0℃, frictional coefficient decreased on the glass surface, however, slightly increased on the rough surface. Th degree of foaming showing the cross-over, therefore, lowered to 20%. When a magnesia powder was applied to the contact surface, the frictional coefficient generally decreased, and it was found to be higher at the rougher surface, regardless of degree of foaming. the wear loss increased as the degree of foaming was increased. Regular ridge spacings were observed over a relatively low range of degree of foaming. However. somewhat irregular wear pattern and corresponding wear debris were observed above the degree of foaming of 30%.
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