Embryo patterning is subject to intense investigation. So far only large, microscopically obvious structures like polar body, cleavage furrow, pro-nucleus shape can be evaluated in the intact embryo. Using non-linear microscopic techniques, the present work describes new methodologies to evaluate preimplantation mouse embryo patterning. Third Harmonic Generation (THG) imaging, by detecting mitochondrial/lipid body structures, could provide valuable and complementary information as to the energetic status of pre-implantation embryos, time evolution of different developmental stages, embryo polarization prior to mitotic division and blastomere equivalence. Quantification of THG imaging detected highest signalling in the 2-cell stage embryos, while evaluating a 12-18% difference between blastomeres at the 8-cell stage embryos. Such a methodology provides novel, non-intrusive imaging assays to follow up intracellular structural patterning associated with the energetic status of a developing embryo, which could be successfully used for embryo selection during the in vitro fertilization process. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.