The novel two-dimensional (2-D) Ga-doped In(2)O(3) nanoleaves are synthesized by a simple one-step carbonthermal evaporation method using Cu-Sn alloy as the substrates. Two basic parts construct this leaf-like nanostructure: a long central trunk and two tapered nanoribbons in symmetric distribution in relation to the trunk. The Ga-In-O alloy particles are located at or close to the tips of the central trunks and serve as catalysts for the central trunk growth by the self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism. And the homoepitaxial growth of tapered nanoribbon on the surface of the central trunk can be explained by vapor-solid (VS) mechanism. The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurement of this nanoscaled Ga-doped In(2)O(3) transparent conducting oxide (TCO) detected two blue peaks located at 432 nm and 481 nm, respectively, which can be used by Ru-based dye and indicates potential application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The successful preparation of this novel 2-D Ga-doped In(2)O(3) nanoleaves not only enriches the synthesis of TCO materials, but also provides new blocks in future architecture of functional nano-devices. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.