Enzyme application in polymer engineering is rapidly increasing and is set to revolutionize many industries. Given the multidisciplinary nature of this field, it has become clear that successful development of functional polymers entails tapping into advances in bioengineering, molecular biology, genetic engineering, chemical engineering, biochemistry, material science, nanotechnology, etc. This review summarizes the different strategies and reaction conditions that can influence the synthesis or modification of polymers. It is hoped that this review will provide scientists from different backgrounds with information on the different reaction engineering strategies for the successful development of functional polymers using oxidative enzymes.