Small hydropower (SHP) projects are considered by the developers as these provide renewable source of energy and are environment friendly. The basic cost components of SHP scheme are broadly classified as civil works and electromechanical equipment. The most important components under the electromechanical equipment are turbine and generator. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to review the different types of technological models and transfer function developed to evaluate the performance of the electromechanical equipment of SHP projects. A review on the different types of control strategies developed by earlier investigators has also been presented. The present review attempts to cover the different types of design and analysis made on different types of turbines, generator and control equipment of SHP. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.