Sampling schemes to achieve mass balance of mineral, oil sands, and coal processing flowsheets are developed. The cases of partial-stream/full-component sampling, full-stream/ partial-component sampling, and partial-stream/partial-component sampling are investigated. In the scheme for full-stream/partial-component sampling, it has been demonstrated that the minimum number of complete node components at the flowsheet nodes is equal to the number of independent stream mass splits. In the scheme for partial-stream/partial-component sampling, the minimum number of sampled streams decreases as the number of complete node components at the nodes increases. Furthermore, the lowest minimum number of sampled streams is obtained when the number of complete node components at each node is equal to the nominal number of components per stream. The proposed schemes are simple to apply and demonstrated by utilizing several practical flowsheets.