Anaerobic oxidation of methane Coupled to sulphate reduction (SR-AOM) prevents oceanic methane emissions and is considered as a major environmental process in the deep-sea sediments. To stimulate in vitro SR-AOM activity, we designed a (continuous) high-pressure bioreactor system. Fed-batch mode incubations showed that the elevated methane pressure stimulated SR-AOM activity: when the methane pressure increased from 1 to 4.5 to 8 MPa, the initial SR-AOM activity increased from 3.46 to 8.64 to 9.22 mu mol sulphide production/g(dw)/day; the apparent affinity (K(m)) for methane was 37 mM. However, in each fed-batch mode incubation, there was an inhibitory effect observed after 2 days, probably due to the accumulation of sulphide and the increase of pH. When the reactor was operated in a continuous mode, the SR-AOM activity was constantly increasing within 18 days at both 1 and 8 MPa pressures, (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.