| 초록 |
Three-dimensional (3D) photonic bandgap (PBG) crystals of the order of an optical wavelength have attracted a great deal of attention on account of their potential applications such as wave guides, optical filters, switches, high density magnetic data storage devices, and chemical and biochemical sensors. Accordingly, intensive studies have been performed over the last few decades to fabricate 3D regular structures. Several strategies have been exploited for the creation of 3D PBG structures, including the chemical methods of colloidal self-assembly and colloidal crystal templating, the microfabrication techniques of mechanically drilling holes within a dielectric slab or stacking logs of a dielectric or metallic materials, and holographic pattering using multiple laser beams. Among these approaches, the fabrication of 3D PBG crystals via colloidal self-assembly is particularly attractive. In addition to being inexpensive, this method offers relative ease of processing and requires short processing time, compared to the stepwise manner of microfabrication techniques. Typical methods for colloidal self-assembly are gravitational sedimentation of colloidal particles, vertical deposition, vertical deposition with temperature gradient, electrophoresis, and colloidal assembly on a liquid metal surface. Here we focused on the new fabrication methods for 3D colloidal photonic crystals. |
