| 초록 |
Hydrate-based desalination (HBD) can produce clean water via hydrate formation. In this work, the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of propane, R134a, R22, and R152a hydrates in the presence of NaCl were investigated to determine the energy-efficient gaseous hydrate former for the HBD process. The theoretically achievable salinity and water yield of HBD at each given thermodynamic condition were calculated using the Hu–Lee–Sum correlation. The theoretical HBD efficiency increased as the initial salinity decreased, the operating pressure decreased, and the initial subcooling temperature increased. At a fixed initial subcooling (2 K), R134a gave faster formation kinetics in the early stage, but R22 eventually offered the highest hydrate conversion. At a fixed temperature (272 K), R152a showed the fastest formation kinetics and highest HBD efficiency due to its milder hydrate equilibrium conditions. The overall results suggested that the thermodynamic and the kinetic properties of the hydrate formers are critical factors in determining the HBD efficiency. |
