| 초록 |
Graphene with atomic pores ＜1 nm in size can be an ideal membrane because of their two-dimensional atomic-scale layer, low biofouling tendencies, chemical resistance, mechanical durability, high selectivity, and fast molecular transport across the membrane. Although atomic pores in bulk-scale graphene is essential to realizing the mass production of high-performance graphene membranes, current studies on graphene membranes rely on low-scale production of graphene with mesopore or nanopore structures and graphene oxide. In this study, we found that simple potassium hydroxide activation can generate precise atomic vacancy defects (~5 Å) in bulk scale graphene while maintaining a two-dimensional sp2 carbon bonded structure. Permeation tests show very fast permeation of H2 gas through the graphene membrane with atomic vacancy defects on its basal plane even at low differential pressure (5 kPa), but CH4 (＜13 kPa), N2 (＜24 kPa) and CO2 (＜37 kPa) cannot permeate the membrane. Additionally, prepared graphene membranes with atomic pores were used for desalination, showing the high rejection of NaCl. We believe that our approach will play a key role in the economical mass production of graphene membranes used in various applications, such as gas and water purification and electrochemical devices. |
