Aantibacterial cellulose fibers were produced by introducing an inorganic antibacterial agent AlphaSan (silver-zirconium phosphate) into spinning solutions, during dissolving cellulose in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide. An additional introduction of Ludox SM 30 nanosilica resulted in an improvement of antibacterial properties of the fibers. The applied modifier contributed to an improvement of the fiber quality. Both bacteriostatic and bacteriocidic activity of the fibers was increased. According to results of microscopic studies, the fiber structure was advantageously changed and the ability of the fibers to fibrillaion was substantially limited. No essential changes of hydrophilic, physical, and mechanical properties were observed.