Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.32, No.9, 1879-1888, September, 2015
Evaluation of 2,4-D removal via activated carbon from pomegranate husk/polymer composite hydrogel: Optimization of process parameters through face centered composite design
E-mail:
A new type of polymer composite hydrogel was prepared by introducing activated carbons from pomegranate husk into poly ((2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) network. The removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from aqueous solution was studied with respect to pH of the media, initial 2,4-D concentration and activated carbon content into the polymeric network. Face centered composite design (FCCD) through response surface methodology (RSM) was used for designing the experiments as well as for studying the effects of the process parameters. A quadratic model and a two factor interaction design model were developed for the removal of 2,4-D and adsorption capacity, respectively. The optimum pH of the pesticide solution, activated carbon content into the polymeric network and initial concentration of 2,4-D were found as 3, 2.5 wt% and 100mg/L. 63.245% and 68.805 (mg/g) for the removal of 2,4-D and adsorption capacity were obtained by using Simplex optimization method. Furthermore, the surface characteristics of the adsorbent prepared under optimized conditions were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
- Gupta VK, Ali I, Suhas, Saini VK, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 299(2), 556 (2006)
- Lapworth DJ, Baran N, Stuart ME, Ward RS, Environ. Pollut., 163, 287 (2012)
- Agrawall A, Pandey RS, Sharma B, J. Water Resource Protection, 2, 432 (2010)
- Munkittrick KR, Servos MR, Parrott JL, Martin V, Carey JH, Flett PA, Potashnik G, Porath A, J. Occup. Env. Med., 37, 1287 (2005)
- Wang Q, Li J, Song Y, Wang X, Chem. Asian J., 8, 225 (2013)
- Zhao GX, Jiang L, He YD, Li JX, Dong HL, Wang XK, Hu WP, Adv. Mater., 23(34), 3959 (2011)
- Sun Y, Yang S, Zhao G, Wang Q, Wang X, Chem. Asian J., 8, 2755 (2013)
- Hameed BH, Salman JM, Ahmad AL, J. Hazard. Mater., 163(1), 121 (2009)
- Salman JM, Hameed BH, Desalination, 256(1-3), 129 (2010)
- Piera E, Calpe JC, Brillas E, Domenech X, Peral J, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 27, 169 (2010)
- Brillas E, Calpe JC, Casado J, Water Res., 34, 2253 (2000)
- Zipper C, Bolliger C, Fleischmann T, Suter MJF, Angst W, Muller MD, Kohler HPE, Biodegradation, 10, 271 (1999)
- Ahmad AL, Tan LS, Shukor SRA, J. Hazard. Mater., 151(1), 71 (2008)
- Aksu Z, Kabasakal E, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Food Contam. Agric. Wastes, 40, 545 (2005)
- Salman JM, Al-Saad KA, Int. J. Chem. Sci., 10, 677 (2012)
- Gupta VK, Mittal A, Gajbe V, Mittal J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45(4), 1446 (2006)
- Hameed BH, Rahman AA, J. Hazard. Mater., 160(2-3), 576 (2008)
- Kumar M, Tamilarasan R, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 58(3), 517 (2013)
- Garg UK, Kaur MP, Garg VK, Sud D, Bioresour. Technol., 99(5), 1325 (2008)
- Seeram N, Lee R, Hardy M, Heber D, Sep. Purif. Technol., 41(1), 49 (2005)
- Kyriakopoulos G, Doulia D, Anagnostopoulos E, Chem. Eng. Sci., 60(4), 1177 (2005)
- Chang CF, Chang CY, Hsu KE, Lee SC, Holl W, J. Hazard. Mater., 155(1-2), 295 (2008)
- Bojemueller E, Nennemann A, Lagaly G, Appl. Clay Sci., 18, 277 (2001)
- Liu Y, Zheng Y, Wang A, J. Env. Sci., 22, 486 (2010)
- Dalaran M, Emik S, Guclu G, Iyim TB, Ozgumus S, Polym. Bull., 63(2), 159 (2009)
- Tokuyama H, Ishihara N, React. Funct. Polym., 70(9), 610 (2010)
- Franca AS, Oliveira LS, Nunes AA, Alves CCO, Bioresour. Technol., 101(3), 1068 (2010)
- Mahramanlioglu M, Kizilcikli I, Bicer IO, Tuncay M, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Food Contam. Agric. Wastes, 35, 187 (2000)
- Montgomery DC, Design and Analysis of Experiments, 4th Ed., John Wiley and Sons. New York, NY (1997).
- Neter J, Kutner MH, Nachtsheim CJ, Wasserman W, Applied Linear Statistical Models, (4th Ed.) McGraw-Hill, Chicago (1996).
- Beg Q, Sahai V, Gupta R, Process Biochem., 39, 203 (2003)
- Pavlovic I, Barriga C, Hermosin MC, Cornejo J, Ulibarri MA, Appl. Clay Sci., 30, 125 (2005)
- Cheah UB, Kirkwoodb RC, Luma KY, Pestic. Sci., 50, 53 (1997)
- Walker GM, Hansen L, Hanna JA, Allen SJ, Water Res., 37, 2081 (2003)
- Aksu Z, Kabasakal E, Sep. Purif. Technol., 35(3), 223 (2004)
- Amin NK, J. Hazard. Mater., 165(1-3), 52 (2009)
- Kavakh PA, Yilmaz Z, Sen M, Sep. Sci. Technol., 42(6), 1245 (2007)
- Zhu SM, Yang N, Zhang D, Mater. Chem. Phys., 113(2-3), 784 (2009)
- Kim SJ, Kim TY, Kim SJ, Cho SY, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 19(6), 1050 (2002)
- Deng SB, Ma R, Yu Q, Huang J, Yu G, J. Hazard. Mater., 165(1-3), 408 (2009)
- Qui Y, Xiao X, Cheng H, Zhou Z, Sheng GD, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 4973 (2009)