Synthesis of 1-acryloyl-3-phenyl thiourea based pH sensitive hydrogels for removal of samarium and terbium

Nagella Siva Gangi Reddy; Kummara Madhusudana Rao; Krishna Rao; Chang-Sik Ha

Macromolecular Research, Vol.24, No.6, 494-501, June, 2016

DOI10.1007/s13233-016-4068-7 Export Citation

Synthesis of 1-acryloyl-3-phenyl thiourea based pH sensitive hydrogels for removal of samarium and terbium

Nagella Siva Gangi Reddy, Kummara Madhusudana Rao¹, Krishna Rao^†, and Chang-Sik Ha^{1, †}

Department of Chemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516 003, India
¹Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea

E-mail:,

This paper describes the synthesis of a new chelating poly(acrylamide-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-1-acryloyl-3-phenyl thiourea) (PAPDM) hydrogel. The PAPDM hydrogels were prepared by the simple free radical polymerization of monomers acrylamide, dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate and 1-acryloyl-3-phenyl thiourea. The free radical initiator used for this study was ammonium persulphate and the cross-linker was ethylene glycol di methacrylate. The swelling study of the PAPDM hydrogels were performed in the aqueous environment to calculate the morphological parameters, such as the volume fraction in a swollen gel (v 2m ), polymer-solvent interaction parameter (χ) and molecular weight between the crosslinks (M c ). These hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Further these chelating hydrogels were investigated for the removal of rare earth metal ions (samarium and terbium) from aqueous environments by varying the adsorption time, adsorbate concentration and monomer ratio. The adsorption time data for samarium and terbium were fitted to two simple kinetic models, pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order, and tested to examine the adsorption mechanisms. The kinetic parameters were calculated. The equilibrium data was fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models.

Keywords:hydrogels;1-acryloyl-3-phenyl thiourea;samarium;terbium;sorption

[References]

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Wang LS, Huang XW, Yu Y, Long ZQ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 122, 490 (2014)
Jain VK, Handa A, Sait SS, Shrivastav P, Agarval YK, Anal. Chim. Acta, 429, 237 (2001)
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Mukai H, Miyazaki S, Umetani S, Kihara S, Matsui M, Anal. Chim. Acta, 220, 111 (1989)
Reddy MLP, Bharathi JRB, Peter S, Ramamohan TR, Talanta, 50, 79 (1999)
Rao KSVK, Naidu BVK, Subha MCS, Aminabhavi TM, Carbohydr. Polym., 66, 333 (2006)
Rao KSVK, Ha CS, Polym. Bull., 62(2), 167 (2009)
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Denizli A, Say R, Patir S, Arica Y, Sep. Sci. Technol., 36(10), 2213 (2001)
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Mubarak AT, El-Sonbati AZ, Polym. Bull., 57(5), 683 (2006)
Zhao L, Sun J, Zhao YH, Xu L, Zhai ML, Chem. Eng. J., 170(1), 162 (2011)
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[Referenced By]

[1] Humphries M, Rare Earth Element, Global Supply Chain, Congressional Research Service, 2013. pp 1-3

[2] Laul JC, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 156, 235 (1992)

[3] Fryxell GE, Wu H, Lin Y, Shaw WJ, Birnbaum JC, Linehan JC, Nie Z, Ken K, Kelly S, J. Mater. Chem., 14, 3356 (2004)

[4] Zhang A, Kuraoka E, Kumagai M, Eur. Polym. J., 43, 529 (2007)

[5] Yadav KK, Singh DK, Anitha M, Varshney L, Singh H, Sep. Purif. Technol., 118, 350 (2013)

[6] Roosen J, Binnemans K, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2, 1530 (2014)

[7] Wang LS, Huang XW, Yu Y, Long ZQ, Sep. Purif. Technol., 122, 490 (2014)

[8] Jain VK, Handa A, Sait SS, Shrivastav P, Agarval YK, Anal. Chim. Acta, 429, 237 (2001)

[9] Ho TL, Chem. Rev., 75, 1 (1975)

[10] Soedarsono J, Hagege A, Burgard M, Asfari Z, Vicens J, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 100, 477 (1996)

[11] Mukai H, Miyazaki S, Umetani S, Kihara S, Matsui M, Anal. Chim. Acta, 220, 111 (1989)

[12] Reddy MLP, Bharathi JRB, Peter S, Ramamohan TR, Talanta, 50, 79 (1999)

[13] Rao KSVK, Naidu BVK, Subha MCS, Aminabhavi TM, Carbohydr. Polym., 66, 333 (2006)

[14] Rao KSVK, Ha CS, Polym. Bull., 62(2), 167 (2009)

[15] Vani TJS, Reddy NS, Rao KSVK, Indian J. Adv. Chem. Sci., 2, 110 (2014)

[16] Denizli A, Say R, Patir S, Arica Y, Sep. Sci. Technol., 36(10), 2213 (2001)

[17] Rivas BL, Quilodran B, Quiroz E, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 88(11), 2614 (2003)

[18] Hendri J, Hiroki A, Maekawa Y, Yoshida M, Katakai R, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 60, 617 (2001)

[19] Bessbousse H, Rhlalou T, Verchere JF, Lebrun L, J. Membr. Sci., 307(2), 249 (2008)

[20] Ramkumar J, Maiti B, Krishnamoorthy TS, J. Membr. Sci., 125(2), 269 (1997)

[21] Doker S, Malci S, Dogan M, Salih B, Anal. Chim. Acta, 553, 73 (2005)

[22] Doker S, Celikbicak O, Dogan M, Salih B, Microchem. J., 84, 80 (2006)

[23] Wang L, Xing RG, Liu S, Yu HH, Qin YK, Li KC, Feng JH, Li RF, Li PC, J. Hazard. Mater., 180(1-3), 577 (2010)

[24] Merdian M, Duz MZ, Hamamci C, Talanta, 16, 639 (2001)

[25] Mubarak AT, El-Sonbati AZ, Polym. Bull., 57(5), 683 (2006)

[26] Zhao L, Sun J, Zhao YH, Xu L, Zhai ML, Chem. Eng. J., 170(1), 162 (2011)

[27] Kong ZY, Wei JF, Li YH, Liu NN, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Cui L, Chem. Eng. J., 254, 365 (2014)

[28] Liu M, Bian F, Sheng F, Eur. Polym. J., 41, 283 (2005)

[29] Drolet DP, Manuta DM, Lees AJ, Katnani AD, Coyle GJ, Inorg. Chim. Acta., 146, 173 (1988)

[30] Flory PJ, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1953.

[31] Mark JE, Erman B, Rubberlike Elasticity: A Molecular Primer, Wiley, New York, 1988.

[32] Xue W, Champ S, Huglin MB, Polymer, 42(8), 3665 (2001)

[33] Lagergren S, in Zur Theorie der sogenannten Adsorption geloster Stoffe, Kungliga Sveska Vetenskapskadomiens Handl, 1898, 24, pp 1-39.

[34] Reddy NS, Rao KM, Vani TJS, Rao KSVK, Lee YI, Desalination Water Treat., 57, 6503 (2015)

[35] Vani TJS, Reddy, Rao KSVK, Rao PS, Desalination Water Treat., 10.1080/19443994.2016.1151380 (2016)

[36] Blanchard G, Maunaye M, Martin G, Water Res., 18, 1501 (1984)

[37] Repo E, Warchol JK, Kurniawan TA, Sillanpaa MET, Chem. Eng. J., 161(1-2), 73 (2010)

[38] Chiou MS, Li HY, Chemosphere, 50, 1095 (2003)

[39] Langmuir I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 38, 2221 (1916)

[40] Freundlich HMF, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906)