Evaluations of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Alginate Hydrogels Cross-linked by γ-ray Irradiation Technique

Sang Yong Nam; Young Chang Nho; Seung Hwa Hong; Gue Tae Chae; Hong Seok Jang; Tae Suk Suh; Woong Shick Ahn; Kyu Eun Ryu; Heung Jae Chun

Macromolecular Research, Vol.12, No.2, 219-224, April, 2004

Sang Yong Nam , Young Chang Nho¹, Seung Hwa Hong², Gue Tae Chae³, Hong Seok Jang⁴, Tae Suk Suh⁵, Woong Shick Ahn⁶, Kyu Eun Ryu⁶, and Heung Jae Chun^{6, †}

Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Chinju 660-701, Korea
¹Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
²Blood Products Division, Biologics Evaluation Department, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul 122-704, Korea
³Department of Pathology, Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Korea
⁴Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Korea
⁵Department of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Korea
⁶Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Korea

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In this work, we prepared hydrogels for wound dressing from a mixture of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and alginate using the ⁶⁰Co γ-ray irradiation technique. We examined the physical properties of these hydrogels, including gelation, water absorptivity, and gel strength, to evaluate the applicability of these hydrogels for wound dressings. The biocompatibility of these hydrogels was also evaluated in vitro, in cultures of mouse fibroblasts, and in vivo, by subcutaneous implantation studies in rats. The gel content and strength increased upon increasing the radiation dose and upon decreasing the concentration of alginate. The degree of swelling was inversely proportional to the gel content and strength. The degree of cytotoxicity of the γ-ray-treated hydrogels was ca. 60% compared to the (-) control (serum) after 1 day of incubation. When the incubations were prolonged up to 2 days, the toxicity of all the samples decreased remarkably and reached that of the control. Subcutaneous implantation studies in rats indicated that foreign body reactions occurring around the implanted hydrogels were moderate and became minimal upon increasing the implantation time.

Keywords:biocompatibility;cross-linked hydrogels;cytotoxicity;γ-ray irradiation;poly(vinyl alcohol);sodium alginate.

[References]

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Edwards JV, Bopp AF, Batiste SL, Goynes WR, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 66A, 433 (2003)
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Park JW, Lee DJ, Yoo ES, Im SS, Kim SH, Kim YH, Korea Polym. J., 7(2), 93 (1999)
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Rae T, Crit. Rev. Biocompatibility, 2, 97 (1986)
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Waring MJ, Parsons D, Biomaterials, 22, 903 (2001)
Suzuki Y, Nishimura Y, Tanihara M, Suzuki K, Nakamura T, Shimizu Y, Yamawaki Y, Kakimaru Y, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 39, 317 (1998)
Imai Y, Watanabe A, Jpn. J. Artif. Organs, 15, 252 (1986)
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[4] Schmedlen RH, Masters KS, West JL, Biomaterials, 22, 4325 (2002)

[5] Tabata Y, Ikada Y, Biomaterials, 20, 2169 (1999)

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[8] Park JW, Lee DJ, Yoo ES, Im SS, Kim SH, Kim YH, Korea Polym. J., 7(2), 93 (1999)

[9] Anderson JM, ASAIO J., 11, 101 (1988)

[10] Tang L, Eaton JW, J. Exp. Med., 178, 2147 (1993)

[11] Maloney WJ, Sun DH, Nakashima Y, James R, Smith RL, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 41, 371 (1998)

[12] Rae T, Crit. Rev. Biocompatibility, 2, 97 (1986)

[13] Henson PM, J. Immunol., 107, 1547 (1971)

[14] Waring MJ, Parsons D, Biomaterials, 22, 903 (2001)

[15] Suzuki Y, Nishimura Y, Tanihara M, Suzuki K, Nakamura T, Shimizu Y, Yamawaki Y, Kakimaru Y, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 39, 317 (1998)

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