목재로부터 분리된 바이오매스 주요 성분의 열분해 특성

명소영; 엄유진; 동종인; 박영권; 강보성; 전종기; Soyoung Myung; Yujin Eon; Jong-In Dong; Young-Kwon Park; Bo Sung Kang; Jong-Ki Jeon

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.15, No.8, 896-900, December, 2004

Export Citation

목재로부터 분리된 바이오매스 주요 성분의 열분해 특성

Characteristics of Thermal Decomposition of Major Components of Biomass Isolated from Wood

명소영, 엄유진¹, 동종인, 박영권 ^†, 강보성, 전종기 ²

서울시립대학교 환경공학부, 서울 130-743
¹한림대학교 환경시스템공학과, 강원 200-702
²동양대학교 생명화학공학부, 경북 750-711

Soyoung Myung, Yujin Eon¹, Jong-In Dong, Young-Kwon Park^†, Bo Sung Kang, and Jong-Ki Jeon²

Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 90, Jeonnon-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 130-743, Korea
¹Department of Environmental System Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-702, Korea
²Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-Yang University, Young-Jou, Kyungbook 750-711, Korea

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초록

목재로부터 바이오매스 주요 성분을 분리하여 각 성분의 열분해 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 질소분위기에서 목재와 각구성성분들의 열중량분석을 수행하였다. 발열량 및 원소 분석에서 리그닌 성분의 연료 가치가 가장 크게 나타났다. 열중량 분석결과, 셀룰로오스는 좁은 온도구간에서 커다란 질량감소를 보였으며 , 리그닌은 높은 온도에서 넓은 구간에 걸쳐 분해되었다. 헤미셀룰로오스는 가장 낮은 온도에서 분해가 시작되었다. 분해속도(셀룰로오스 > 헤미셀룰로오스 > 리그닌)와 잔류율은 반대 경향을 나타냈으며 이는 각 성분의 화학구조의 균일성의 차이에 기인한 것으로 해석할 수 있다. DSC 분석결과 셀룰로오스는 흡열반응, 리그닌은 발열반응으로 열분해가 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 홀로셀룰로오스의 DSC 곡선으로부터 헤미셀룰로오스 분해가 발열반응으로 일어나고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Separation of major components of biomass from wood was carried out. The purpose of this work was to study the thermal degradation characteristics of each component. The thermal analysis (TA) of the each component and wood was performed by a TA instrument under the condition of inert atmosphere of flowing N₂ gas. With the measurement of calorific value and elementary analysis, fuel value of lignin appeared greatest. Cellulose was quickly decomposed within a narrow temperature range, but lignin decomposed slowly over the wide region. Hemicellulose was thermally most unstable and started decomposing at the lowest temperature among the components. On the other hand, Lignin was broken down at the highest temperature. Decomposition rate (cellulose > hemicellulose > lignin) and residual percentage showed reverse tendency, which seemed to be caused by the difference of chemical structure of each component. According to analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the pyrolysis of cellulose was obviously endothermic reaction, but lignin was decomposed exothermically. DSC curve for holocellulose showed that hemicellulose was exothermically degraded.

Keywords:biomass;hermal degradation;TGA;DSC

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Demirbas A, Energy Conv. Manag., 41(6), 633 (2000)
Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Vick L, Lin X, Fuel, 83, 146 (2004)
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Erickson M, Miksche GE, Holzforschung, 27, 147 (1973)

[Referenced By]

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[1] Buckley P, Pyrolysis Network, 8, 8 (1999)

[2] Klass DL, Biomass for renewable energy, fuels and chemicals, 495, Academic Press, San Diego (1998)

[3] Demirbas A, Energy Conv. Manag., 42(11), 1357 (2001)

[4] McKendry P, Bioresour. Technol., 82, 37 (2002)

[5] EUREC Agency, The future for renewable energy, prospects and directions, James and James Science Publishers, London (1996)

[6] Hajaligol M, Waymack B, Kellogg D, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 62, 331 (2002)

[7] Orfao JJM, Antunes FJA, Figueiredo JL, Fuel, 78(3), 349 (1999)

[8] Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industy, Test method T257 om-85.

[9] Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industy, Standard T12 os-75.

[10] Lai YZ, Sarkanen KV, Isolation and structural studies. Lignins, occurrence, formation, structure and reactions, K. V. Sarkanen, K. V. and C. H. Ludgwig, 165, Wiley-Intersci., New York (1971)

[11] Whistler RL, BeMiller JN, Methods in Carbohydrate chemistry, Cellulose, R. L. Whistler, 3, Academic Press, New York (1963)

[12] Academic Society for Testing and Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards. part 22: Wood: Adhesives, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1977)

[13] Fengel D, Wegener G, Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions, 26, Walter de Gruyter. Berlin (1983)

[14] W. Glasser and Lignin, fundamentals of thermochemical biomass conversion, Part I, R. P. Overend, T. A. Miline, L. K. Mudge, 61, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London and New York (1985)

[15] Beramendi-orosco LE, Casto-Daz M, Snape CE, Vane CH, Large DJ, Organic Geochemistry, 35, 61 (2004)

[16] Lai YZ, Chemical degradation, wood and cellulosic chemistry, David N.S. Hon, Nobuo Shiraishi, 463, Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, Basel (2000)

[17] Theander O, Cellulose, hemicellulose, extractives, fundamentals of thermochemical biomass conversion, Part I, R. P. Overend, T. A. Miline, L. K. Mudge, 35, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London and New York (1985)

[18] Demirbas A, Energy Conv. Manag., 41(6), 633 (2000)

[19] Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Vick L, Lin X, Fuel, 83, 146 (2004)

[20] Kifanisahban F, Kifani A, Belkbir L, Zoulalian A, Arauzo J, Cardero T, Thermochim. Acta, 298(1-2), 199 (1997)

[21] Erickson M, Miksche GE, Holzforschung, 27, 147 (1973)