The fracture toughness of isotropic and flow-oriented linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) is evaluated by the Essential Work of Fracture (EWF) concept, with a special setup of CCD camera to monitor the process of deformation. Allowing for the molecular orientation, flow-oriented sample, prepared via melt extrusion drawing, is stretched parallel (oriented-0 degrees) and perpendicular (oriented-90 degrees) to its original melt extrusion drawing direction, respectively. The obtained values of specific EFW omega(e) are 34.6, 10.2, and 4.2 N/mm for the oriented-0 degrees, isotropic and oriented-90 degrees sample, respectively. With knowledge of intrinsic deformation parameters deduced from uniaxial tensile tests, moreover, a relationship between specific EFW We the ratio of true yield stress to strain hardening modulus sigma(ty)/G is well established. It means that the fracture toughness of polyethylene is determined by both crystalline and amorphous parts, rather than by one of them. Moreover, the true yield stress seems to be nondecisive factors determining the fracture toughness of polyethylene. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.