Nitrophenyl Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes and Its Effect on Properties of MWCNT/LCP Composites

Nanda Gopal Sahoo; Henry Kuo Feng Cheng; Hongqian Bao; Lin Li; Siew Hwa Chan; Jianhong Zhao

Macromolecular Research, Vol.19, No.7, 660-667, July, 2011

DOI10.1007/s13233-011-0710-6 Export Citation

Nitrophenyl Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes and Its Effect on Properties of MWCNT/LCP Composites

Nanda Gopal Sahoo¹, Henry Kuo Feng Cheng^{1, 2}, Hongqian Bao¹, Lin Li^{1, †}, Siew Hwa Chan¹, and Jianhong Zhao²

¹School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore, Korea
²Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 638075, Singapore

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Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized on their sidewalls with p- nitrophenyl (C6H4NO2) to make MWCNTs compatible with liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) through a specific interaction with LCP. This study examined the rheological, morphological, mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties of LCP in detail with a variation of the nitrophenyl-functionalized MWCNTs in the LCP matrix. A higher complex viscosity, storage, and loss modulus were observed in the nitrophenyl-functionalized MWCNTs/LCP composites than the composites with the same loading of raw MWCNTs. The nitrophenyl groups attached to the MWCNTs improved their dispersion and interfacial adhesion with the LCP matrix, which was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). As a result, the incorporation of the nitrophenyl-functionalized MWCNTs effectively enhanced the mechanical and thermal stability of the LCP.

Keywords:carbon nanotube;dispersion;functionalization;interaction;nanocomposite.

[References]

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Baughman RH, Zakhidov AA, de Heer WA, Science, 297, 787 (2002)
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Xie XL, Mai YW, Ping X, Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep., 49, 89 (2005)
Ajayan PM, Zhou OZ, Topics Appl. Phys., 80, 391 (2001)
Yang D, Guo G, Hu J, Wang C, Jiang D, J. Mater. Chem., 18, 350 (2008)
Gao C, Vo CD, Jin YZ, Li WW, Armes SP, Macromolecules, 38(21), 8634 (2005)
Sahoo NG, Cheng HKF, Cai JW, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao JH, Yu SZ, Mater. Chem. Phys., 117(1), 313 (2009)
Sahoo NG, Jung YC, Yoo HJ, Cho JW, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 207, 1773 (2006)
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Xia H, Song M, Jin J, Chen L, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 207, 1945 (2006)
Sahoo NG, Cheng HKF, Li L, Chan SH, Judeh Z, Zhao J, Adv. Funct. Mater., 219, 3962 (2009)
Cheng HKF, Sahoo NG, Khin TH, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao J, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 48, 1203 (2010)
Kim JY, Kim DK, Kim SH, Eur. Polym. J., 45, 316 (2009)
Chen X, Wang J, Zhong W, Feng T, Yang X, Chen J, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 209, 846 (2008)
Dyke CA, Tour JM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125(5), 1156 (2003)
Tanaka K, Toda F, Chem. Rev., 100(3), 1025 (2000)
Yi B, Rajagopalan R, Foley HC, Kim UJ, Liu XM, Eklund PC, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128(34), 11307 (2006)
Song YS, Youn JR, Carbon, 43, 1378 (2005)
Sandler JKW, Kirk JE, Kinloch IA, Shaffer MSP, Windle AH, Polymer, 44(19), 5893 (2003)
Li J, Ma PC, Chow WS, To CK, Tang BZ, Kim JK, Adv. Funct. Mater., 17(16), 3207 (2007)
Du FM, Fischer JE, Winey KI, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 41(24), 3333 (2003)
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Georgakilas V, Kordatos K, Prato M, Guldi DM, Holzinger M, Hirsch A, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(5), 760 (2002)
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Sahoo NG, Thet NT, Tan QH, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao J, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 9, 5910 (2009)

[Referenced By]

[1] Sahoo NG, Rana S, Cho JW, Li L, Chan SW, Prog. Polym. Sci, 35, 837 (2010)

[2] Treacy MM, Ebbesen TW, Gibson JM, Nature, 381(6584), 678 (1996)

[3] Baughman RH, Zakhidov AA, de Heer WA, Science, 297, 787 (2002)

[4] Chae HG, Liu J, Kumar S, in Materials carbon nanotubes properties and applications, O’Connell MA, Ed., Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, Boca Raton, 2006, p 213.

[5] Xie XL, Mai YW, Ping X, Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep., 49, 89 (2005)

[6] Ajayan PM, Zhou OZ, Topics Appl. Phys., 80, 391 (2001)

[7] Yang D, Guo G, Hu J, Wang C, Jiang D, J. Mater. Chem., 18, 350 (2008)

[8] Gao C, Vo CD, Jin YZ, Li WW, Armes SP, Macromolecules, 38(21), 8634 (2005)

[9] Sahoo NG, Cheng HKF, Cai JW, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao JH, Yu SZ, Mater. Chem. Phys., 117(1), 313 (2009)

[10] Sahoo NG, Jung YC, Yoo HJ, Cho JW, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 207, 1773 (2006)

[11] Tasis D, Tagmatarchis N, Bianco A, Prato M, Chem. Rev., 106(3), 1105 (2006)

[12] Mickelson E, Huffman C, Rinzler A, Smalley R, Hauge R, Margrave J, Chem. Phys. Lett., 296, 188 (1998)

[13] Chen C, Liang B, Lu D, Ogino A, Wang X, Nagatsu M, Carbon, 48, 939 (2010)

[14] Wang L, Feng SA, Zhao JH, Zheng JF, Wang ZJ, Li L, Zhu ZP, Appl. Surf. Sci., 256(20), 6060 (2010)

[15] Bahr JL, Mickelson ET, Bronikowski MJ, Smalley RE, Tour JM, Chem. Commun., 193 (2001)

[16] Holzinger M, Vostrowsky O, Hirsch A, Hennrich F, Kappes M, Weiss R, Jellen F, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 40, 4002 (2001)

[17] Liang F, Sadana AK, Peera A, Chattopadhyay J, Gu Z, Hauge RH, Billups WE, Nano Lett., 4, 1257 (2004)

[18] Xia H, Song M, Jin J, Chen L, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 207, 1945 (2006)

[19] Sahoo NG, Cheng HKF, Li L, Chan SH, Judeh Z, Zhao J, Adv. Funct. Mater., 219, 3962 (2009)

[20] Cheng HKF, Sahoo NG, Khin TH, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao J, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 48, 1203 (2010)

[21] Kim JY, Kim DK, Kim SH, Eur. Polym. J., 45, 316 (2009)

[22] Chen X, Wang J, Zhong W, Feng T, Yang X, Chen J, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 209, 846 (2008)

[23] Dyke CA, Tour JM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125(5), 1156 (2003)

[24] Tanaka K, Toda F, Chem. Rev., 100(3), 1025 (2000)

[25] Yi B, Rajagopalan R, Foley HC, Kim UJ, Liu XM, Eklund PC, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128(34), 11307 (2006)

[26] Song YS, Youn JR, Carbon, 43, 1378 (2005)

[27] Sandler JKW, Kirk JE, Kinloch IA, Shaffer MSP, Windle AH, Polymer, 44(19), 5893 (2003)

[28] Li J, Ma PC, Chow WS, To CK, Tang BZ, Kim JK, Adv. Funct. Mater., 17(16), 3207 (2007)

[29] Du FM, Fischer JE, Winey KI, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 41(24), 3333 (2003)

[30] Bai JB, Allaoui A, Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf., 34, 689 (2003)

[31] Georgakilas V, Kordatos K, Prato M, Guldi DM, Holzinger M, Hirsch A, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(5), 760 (2002)

[32] Ramasubramaniam R, Chen J, Liu H, Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 2928 (2003)

[33] Sahoo NG, Thet NT, Tan QH, Li L, Chan SH, Zhao J, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 9, 5910 (2009)