An investigation on the influence of filler loading and compatibilizer on the properties of polypropylene/marble sludge composites

Khalil Ahmed; Nudrat Zahid Raza; Farzana Habib; Muhammad Aijaz; Muhammad Hayat Afridi

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.19, No.6, 1805-1810, November, 2013

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2013.02.024 Export Citation

An investigation on the influence of filler loading and compatibilizer on the properties of polypropylene/marble sludge composites

Khalil Ahmed^†, Nudrat Zahid Raza, Farzana Habib, Muhammad Aijaz, and Muhammad Hayat Afridi¹

Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
¹Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan

E-mail:

In this article, polypropylene reinforced marble sludge (PP/MS) was prepared, and the effects of MS loading and polypropylene-g-maliec anhydride (PP-g-MAH) as compatibilizer on density, melt flow index (MFI), and mechanical properties of PP/MS composite were investigated. Our studies show that tensile strength, flexural strength and tensile modulus increased with increasing the MS loading but tensile strength increased till 30 pph of MS further addition of MS in PP composites decreased the strength. The % elongation at break and Izod Impact Strength decreased with increasing of MS loading. Studies revealed that PP/MS composites containing PP-g-MAH enhance the properties compared to without compatibilizer.

Keywords:Polypropylene;Marble sludge;Composites;Compatibilizer;Mechanical properties

[References]

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Siriwardena S, Ismail H, Ishiaku, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites., 22, 1645 (2003)
Tjong SC, Li RK, Cheung T, Polym. Eng. Sci., 37(1), 166 (1997)
Leong YW, Abu Bakar MB, Ishak ZAM, Ariffin A, Pukanszky B, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 91(5), 3315 (2004)
Svehlova V, Poloucek E, Makromolekulare Chemie., 214, 91 (1994)

[1] Ellis TS, D’Angelo JS, Journal of Applied Polymer Science., 86, 1639 (2003)

[2] Wunderlich B, Macromolecular Physics, vol. 3, Academic Press, New York, NY, USA (1980)

[3] Luyt AS, Dramicanin MD, Antic Z, Djokovic V, Polymer Testing., 28, 348 (2009)

[4] Katz HS, Milewski JV, Handbook of Fillers for Plastics, Van Nonstrand Reinhold, NY (1987)

[5] Bigg DM, Journal of Polymer Science and Technology., 1, 58 (1987)

[6] Fuad MYA, Ishmail ZZA, Ishak M, Omar AKM, European Polymer Journal., 31, 885 (1995)

[7] Nielsen LE, Mercel Dekker RF, Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Composites, 2nd ed., Mercel Dekker, New York (1994)

[8] Mareri P, Bastide S, Binda N, Crespy A, Composites Science and Technology., 58, 747 (1998)

[9] Leong YW, Abu Bakar MB, Ishak ZAM, Ariffin A, Pukanszky B, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 91(5), 3315 (2004)

[10] Wang Q, Qu J, Polymer International., 55, 1330 (2006)

[11] Chen XL, Yu J, Guo SY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102(5), 4943 (2006)

[12] Maiti SN, Sharma KK, Journal of Materials Science., 27, 4605 (1992)

[13] Svehlova A, Poloucek VE, Makromolekulare Chemie., 214, 91 (1994)

[14] Xavier SF, Schultz MJ, Friedrich K, Journal of Materials Science., 25, 2428 (1990)

[15] Lopez-Quintanilla ML, Sanchez-Valdes S, de Valle LFR, Medellin-Rodriguez FJ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 100(6), 4748 (2006)

[16] Bellucci F, Terenzi A, Leuteritz A, Polymers for Advanced Technologies., 19, 547 (2008)

[17] Hwang S, Hsu PP, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry., http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.12.043. (2013)

[18] Ayrilmis N, Kaymakci A, Ozdemir F, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(3), 908 (2013)

[19] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry., http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.12.014. (2013)

[20] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Mahmood K, Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly., http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ111225062A (on-line (00))., 62 (2013)

[21] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Mahmood K, Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan., 34, 1468 (2012)

[22] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Kamaluddin S, Mahmood K, Journal of Materials and Environmental Science., 4, 205 (2013)

[23] Wei P, Jianghong G, Key Engineering Materials., 336-338, 1353 (2007)

[24] Ahmetli G, Dag M, Deveci H, Kurbanli R, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 125(1), 24 (2012)

[25] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Shirin K, Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry., 2, 90 (2012)

[26] Ahmed K, Nizami SS, Raza NZ, Mahmood K, International Journal of Industrial Chemistry., 3, 21 (2012)

[27] Zhou B, Ji X, Sheng Y, Wang L, Jiang Z, European Polymer Journal., 40, 2357 (2004)

[28] Liang JZ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 83(7), 1547 (2002)

[29] Siriwardena S, Ismail H, Ishiaku, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites., 22, 1645 (2003)

[30] Tjong SC, Li RK, Cheung T, Polym. Eng. Sci., 37(1), 166 (1997)

[31] Leong YW, Abu Bakar MB, Ishak ZAM, Ariffin A, Pukanszky B, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 91(5), 3315 (2004)

[32] Svehlova V, Poloucek E, Makromolekulare Chemie., 214, 91 (1994)