High performance epoxy composites cured with ionic liquids

Honorata Maka; Tadeusz Spychaj; Marek Zenker

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.31, 192-198, November, 2015

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2015.06.023 Export Citation

High performance epoxy composites cured with ionic liquids

Honorata Maka, Tadeusz Spychaj^†, and Marek Zenker¹

Polymer Institute, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
¹Department of Electrotechnology and Diagnostic, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. Sikorskiego 37, 70-313 Szczecin, Poland

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Two ionic liquids (ILs) with the same dicyanamide anion and various cation types: imidazolium and phosphonium as catalytic agents of epoxy resin have been compared. Neat epoxy materials cured with imidazolium IL exhibited above 45 days latency, high thermal performance, i.e. glass transition temperature (above 190 8C), low tan d (0.17), and stability (395 8C/5% weight loss), whereas with phosphonium IL . pot life above 70 days, similar tan d value and high transparency (85%). Carbon nanotubes modified epoxy composites cured with imidazolium dicyanamide IL showed bulk electrical resistivity in a range 107-103 Ω·m for carbon filler content 0.0625-0.25 wt.%. These features designate developed materials for various engineering applications.

Keywords:Epoxy resin;Ionic liquid;Carbon nanotubes;Curing reaction;Thermomechanical and conductive;properties

[References]

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Rahmathullah MAM, Jeyarajasingam A, Merritt B, VanLandingham M, McKnight SH, Palmese GR, Macromolecules, 42(9), 3219 (2009)
Soares BG, Livi S, Duchert-Rumeau J, Gerard JF, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 296, 826 (2011)
Maka H, Spychaj T, Pilawka R, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51(14), 5197 (2012)
Maka H, Spychaj T, Polimery, 57, 34 (2012)
Silva AA, Livi S, Netto DB, Soares BG, Duchet J, Gerard JF, Polymer, 54(8), 2123 (2013)
Maka H, Spychaj T, Kowalczyk K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 131, 40401 (2014)
Sanes J, Carrion FJ, Bermudez MD, Wear, 268, 1295 (2010)
Guo B, Wan J, Lei Y, Jia D, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 42, 145307 (2009)
Throckmorton JA, Watters AL, Geng X, Palmese GR, Compos. Sci. Technol., 86, 38 (2013)
Hameed N, Salim NV, Hanley TL, Sona M, Fox BL, Guo Q, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 11696 (2013)
Zhang X, Sun H, Yang C, Zhang K, Yuen MMF, Yang S, RSC Adv., 3, 1916 (2013)
Fedoseev MS, Gruzdev MS, Derzhavinskaya LF, Int. J. Polym. Sci., ID 607341., 2014 (2014)
Maka H, Spychaj T, Pilawka R, Express Polym. Lett., 8, 723 (2014)
Sanes J, Carrion-Vilches FJ, Bermudez MD, E-Polymers, 5, 1 (2007)
Yang SY, Cicoira F, Byrne R, Benito-Lopez F, Diamond D, Owens RM, Malliaras GG, Chem. Commun., 46, 7972 (2010)
Bradaric CJ, Downard A, Kennedy C, Robertson AJ, Zhou Y, Green Chem., 5, 143 (2003)
Soares BG, Livi S, Duchet-Rumeau J, Gerard JF, Polymer, 53(1), 60 (2012)
Sangermano M, Pegel S, Potschke P, Voit B, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 29(5), 396 (2008)
Jeon H, Park J, Shon M, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(3), 849 (2013)
Hong AS, Nguyen HN, Bui HT, Tran AT, Duong VA, Nguyen VB, Adv. Nat. Sci. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 4, 025012 (2013)
Kuilla T, Bhandra S, Yao D, Prog. Polym. Sci, 35, 1350 (2010)
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Mittal G, Dhand V, Rhee KY, Park SJ, Lee WR, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 21, 11 (2015)
Huddleston JG, Visser AE, Reichert WM, Willauer HD, Broker GA, Rogers RD, Green Chem., 3, 156 (2001)
Maton C, De Vos N, Stevens CV, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 5963 (2013)
Fraser KJ, MacFarlane DR, Aust. J. Chem., 62, 309 (2009)
Kulkarni PS, Branco LC, Crespo JG, Afonso CAM, Chem.-Eur. J., 13, 8470 (2007)
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Kroon MC, Buijs W, Peters CJ, Witkamp GJ, Thermochim. Acta, 465(1-2), 40 (2007)
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[Referenced By]

[1] Kowalczyk K, Spychaj T, Polimery, 48, 833 (2003)

[2] Rahmathullah MAM, Jeyarajasingam A, Merritt B, VanLandingham M, McKnight SH, Palmese GR, Macromolecules, 42(9), 3219 (2009)

[3] Soares BG, Livi S, Duchert-Rumeau J, Gerard JF, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 296, 826 (2011)

[4] Maka H, Spychaj T, Pilawka R, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51(14), 5197 (2012)

[5] Maka H, Spychaj T, Polimery, 57, 34 (2012)

[6] Silva AA, Livi S, Netto DB, Soares BG, Duchet J, Gerard JF, Polymer, 54(8), 2123 (2013)

[7] Maka H, Spychaj T, Kowalczyk K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 131, 40401 (2014)

[8] Sanes J, Carrion FJ, Bermudez MD, Wear, 268, 1295 (2010)

[9] Guo B, Wan J, Lei Y, Jia D, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 42, 145307 (2009)

[10] Throckmorton JA, Watters AL, Geng X, Palmese GR, Compos. Sci. Technol., 86, 38 (2013)

[11] Hameed N, Salim NV, Hanley TL, Sona M, Fox BL, Guo Q, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 11696 (2013)

[12] Zhang X, Sun H, Yang C, Zhang K, Yuen MMF, Yang S, RSC Adv., 3, 1916 (2013)

[13] Fedoseev MS, Gruzdev MS, Derzhavinskaya LF, Int. J. Polym. Sci., ID 607341., 2014 (2014)

[14] Maka H, Spychaj T, Pilawka R, Express Polym. Lett., 8, 723 (2014)

[15] Sanes J, Carrion-Vilches FJ, Bermudez MD, E-Polymers, 5, 1 (2007)

[16] Yang SY, Cicoira F, Byrne R, Benito-Lopez F, Diamond D, Owens RM, Malliaras GG, Chem. Commun., 46, 7972 (2010)

[17] Bradaric CJ, Downard A, Kennedy C, Robertson AJ, Zhou Y, Green Chem., 5, 143 (2003)

[18] Soares BG, Livi S, Duchet-Rumeau J, Gerard JF, Polymer, 53(1), 60 (2012)

[19] Sangermano M, Pegel S, Potschke P, Voit B, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 29(5), 396 (2008)

[20] Jeon H, Park J, Shon M, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(3), 849 (2013)

[21] Hong AS, Nguyen HN, Bui HT, Tran AT, Duong VA, Nguyen VB, Adv. Nat. Sci. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 4, 025012 (2013)

[22] Kuilla T, Bhandra S, Yao D, Prog. Polym. Sci, 35, 1350 (2010)

[23] Li B, Zhong WH, J. Mater. Sci., 4, 5595 (2011)

[24] Mittal G, Dhand V, Rhee KY, Park SJ, Lee WR, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 21, 11 (2015)

[25] Huddleston JG, Visser AE, Reichert WM, Willauer HD, Broker GA, Rogers RD, Green Chem., 3, 156 (2001)

[26] Maton C, De Vos N, Stevens CV, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 5963 (2013)

[27] Fraser KJ, MacFarlane DR, Aust. J. Chem., 62, 309 (2009)

[28] Kulkarni PS, Branco LC, Crespo JG, Afonso CAM, Chem.-Eur. J., 13, 8470 (2007)

[29] Bauer RS, Corley LS, Reference Book for Composites Technology, Technomic. Publ. Co. Inc., Lancaster, USA, 1989, pp. 17-48 (Chapter 2).

[30] Kroon MC, Buijs W, Peters CJ, Witkamp GJ, Thermochim. Acta, 465(1-2), 40 (2007)

[31] Liang R, Yang MR, Xuan XP, Chin. J. Chem. Eng., 18(5), 736 (2010)

[32] Fechler N, Salts as Highly Diverse Porogens: Functional Ionic Liquid-Derived Carbons and Carbon-Based Composites for Energy-Related Applications, (Ph.D. thesis), Max-Planck Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung, Potsdam, 2012.

[33] Rahatekar SS, Koziol KKK, Butler SA, Elliott JA, Shaffer MSP, Mackley MR, Windle AH, J. Rheol., 50(5), 599 (2006)

[34] Tao K, Yang SY, Grunlan JC, Kim YS, Dang BL, Deng YJ, Thomas RL, Wilson BL, Wei X, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102(6), 5248 (2006)

[35] Barrau S, Demont P, Maraval C, Bernes A, Lacabanne C, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 26(5), 390 (2005)

[36] Wu F, He X, Zeng Y, Cheng HM, Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process., 85, 25 (2006)

[37] Kuo C, Huang HM, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 103, 533 (2011)

[38] Gallego MM, Verdejo R, Khayet M, de Zarate JMO, Essalhi M, Lopez-Manchado MA, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 6, 610 (2011)

[39] Russ M, Rahatekar SS, Koziol K, Farmer B, Peng HX, Compos. Sci. Technol., 81, 42 (2013)

[40] Berkei M, Chemanager Europe, www.chemanager-online.com/en/tags/coatings., 7-8, 10 (2011)