Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.47, 19-40, March, 2017
Superhydrophilic (superwetting) surfaces: A review on fabrication and application
E-mail:
The ability of water to lie on a surface as a flat film rather than in form of droplets is one of the crucial surface properties which play an important role in many practical applications, including oil in water separation, water treatment, pervaporation and biomedical. This article reviews the recent achievements in the design, fabrication and applications of superhydrophilic surfaces as well as provides a perspective on potential outlook for future advances.
Keywords:Superhydrophilic surface;Fabrication;Applications;Water treatment;Pervaporation;Oil in water separation
- Abbott NL, Folkers JP, Whitesides GM, Science, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.257.5075.1380., 257(5075), 1380 (1992)
- Gau H, Herminghaus S, Lenz P, Lipowsky R, Science, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5398.46., 283(5398), 46 (1999)
- Lenz P, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199912)11:18<1531:AID-ADMA1531>3.0.CO;2-U., 11(18), 1531 (1999)
- Aussillous P, Quere D, Nature, 411, 924 (2001)
- Sorcar S, Razzaq A, Tian H, Grimes CA, In SI, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.10.032., 2 (2016)
- Feng XJ, Jiang L, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200501961., 18(23), 3063 (2006)
- Lucaci M, Orban RL, Soare G, Lungu MV, Kappel W, 1st Electronics Systemintegration Technology Conference (2006) 343, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ESTC.2006.280023.
- Lipshutz RJ, Fodor SPA, Gingeras TF, Lockhart DJ, Nat Genet (n.d.).
- Fang J, Kelarakis A, Estevez L, Wang Y, Rodriguez R, Giannelis EP, J. Mater. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C000416M., 20(9), 1651 (2010)
- Yuan JK, Liu XG, Akbulut O, Hu JQ, Suib SL, Kong J, Stellacci F, Nat. Nanotechnol., 3(6), 332 (2008)
- Drelich J, Chibowski E, Meng DD, Terpilowski K, Soft Matter, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C1SM05849E., 7(21), 9804 (2011)
- Ionov L, Houbenov N, Sidorenko A, Stamm M, Minko S, Adv. Funct. Mater., 16(9), 1153 (2006)
- Truman P, Uhlmann P, Frenzel R, Stamm M, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200803210., 21(35), 3601 (2009)
- Shimizu T, Goda T, Minoura N, Takai M, Ishihara K, Biomaterials, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.01.026., 31(12), 3274 (2010)
- Li H, Wang X, Song Y, Liu Y, Li Q, Jiang L, Zhu D, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20010504)113:9<1793:AID-ANGE17930>3.0.CO ;2-I., 113(9), 1793 (2001)
- Sahu RP, Sett S, Yarin AL, Pourdeyhimi B, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.11.023., 467, 31 (2015)
- Yan H, Yuanhao W, Hongxing Y, Appl. Energy, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.097. (2015)
- Liu KS, Cao MY, Fujishima A, Jiang L, Chem. Rev., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr4006796., 114(19), 10044 (2014)
- Lai YK, Gao XF, Zhuang HF, Huang JY, Lin CJ, Jiang L, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900686., 21(37), 3799 (2009)
- Wenzel RN, Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50320a024., 28(8), 988 (1936)
- Bico J, Thiele U, Quere D, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00061-4., 206(1-3), 41 (2002)
- Bico J, Tordeux C, Quere D, Europhys. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i2001-00402-x., 55(July), 214 (2001)
- Mchale G, Shirtcliffe NJ, Newton MI, (c) (2004) 284.
- Feng XJ, Jiang L, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200501961., 18(23), 3063 (2006)
- Extrand CW, Moon SI, Hall P, Schmidt D, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la700816n., 23(17), 8882 (2007)
- Fujishima A, Rao TN, Tryk DA, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C-Photochem. Rev., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1389-5567(00)00002-2., 1(1), 1 (2000)
- Drelich J, Chibowski E, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la1039893., 26(24), 18621 (2010)
- Lobo AO, Marciano FR, Ramos SC, MacHado MM, Corat EJ, Corat MAF, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2011.06.007., 31(7), 1505 (2011)
- Antonioli E, Lobo AO, Ferretti M, Cohen M, Marciano FR, Corat EJ, Trava-Airoldi VJ, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2012.10.010., 33(2), 641 (2013)
- Machado MM, Lobo AO, Marciano FR, Corat EJ, Corat MAF, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.11.062., 48, 365 (2015)
- Nakate UT, Patil P, Bulakhe RN, Lokhande CD, Kale SN, Naushad M, Mane RS, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.07.010., 480, 109 (2016)
- Bui VT, Liu XY, Ko SH, Choi HS, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.04.065., 453, 209 (2015)
- Lai Y, Lin C, Wang H, Huang J, Zhuang H, Sun L, Electrochem. Commun., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2007.12.020., 10(3), 387 (2008)
- Ashkarran AA, Mohammadizadeh MR, Mater. Res. Bull., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.06.029., 43(3), 522 (2008)
- Xu F, Zhang GX, Zhang FX, Zhang YS, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.05.018., 349, 437 (2015)
- Nishimoto S, Becchaku M, Kameshima Y, Shirosaki Y, Hayakawa S, Osaka A, Miyake M, Thin Solid Films, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.060., 558, 221 (2014)
- Li MY, Deng TT, Liu SX, Zhang FX, Zhang GX, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.105., 297, 147 (2014)
- Ju J, Wang T, Wang Q, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.041., 481, 151 (2015)
- Gong LL, Zhang L, Wang NX, Li J, Ji SL, Guo HX, Zhang GJ, Zhang ZG, Sep. Purif. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.10.032., 122, 32 (2014)
- Srisitthiratkul C, Yaipimai W, Intasanta V, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.07.050., 259, 349 (2012)
- Leonard GLM, Remy S, Heinrichs B, Mater. Today Proc., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.01.037., 3(2), 434 (2016)
- Bharti B, Kumar S, Kumar R, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.108., 364, 51 (2016)
- Yin YJ, Huang RH, Zhang W, Zhang M, Wang CX, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.12.049., 289, 99 (2016)
- Gao SJ, Shi Z, Zhang WB, Zhang F, Lin J, ACS Nano, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn501851a., 8(6), 6344 (2014)
- Du X, Huang X, Li XY, Meng XM, Yao L, He JH, Huang HW, Zhang XJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.07.040., 458, 79 (2015)
- Bahners T, Prager L, Pender A, Gutmann JS, Prog. Org. Coat., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.04.007., 76(10), 1356 (2013)
- Qi R, Hua Y, Wang Y, Lu L, J. Clean. Prod., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.115., 112, 3555 (2016)
- Liang T, Li H, Su X, Lai X, Wu H, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhuang M, Zeng X, Prog. Org. Coat., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.09.011., 101, 423 (2016)
- Feng S, Li X, He P, Wang L, Li Z, Liang L, Zhou D, Lu W, Diam. Relat. Mat., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2015.04.005., 56, 36 (2015)
- Chang YC, Wei HS, Kuo CC, Liao WB, Huang SR, Lee CC, Thin Solid Films, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2016.04.028., 618, 95 (2015)
- Shan L, Fan H, Guo H, Ji S, Zhang G, Water Res., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.054., 93, 121 (2016)
- Zhang YC, Zou GS, Liu L, Zhao Y, Liang Q, Wu AP, Zhou YN, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.07.089., 389, 554 (2016)
- Cho H, Kim M, Lee S, Hwang W, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.01.215., 367, 432 (2016)
- Lin Z, Zhou D, Zhou J, Huang M, Zhang X, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.05.156., 180, 309 (2016)
- Zupancic M, Steinbucher M, Gregorcic P, Golobic I, Appl. Therm. Eng., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.08.026., 91, 288 (2015)
- Lahann J, Balcells M, Rodon T, Lee J, Choi IS, Jensen KF, Langer R, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la011464t., 18(9), 3632 (2002)
- Favia P, d’Agostino R, Surf. Coat. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(97)00285-5., 98(1), 1102 (1998)
- Liu F, Hashim NA, Liu YT, Abed MRM, Li K, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.03.014., 375(1-2), 1 (2011)
- Chan CM, Ko TM, Hiraoka H, Surf. Sci. Rep., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5729(96)80003-3., 24(1), 1 (1996)
- Jin SY, Manuel J, Zhao X, Park WH, Ahn JH, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.08.021., 45, 15 (2017)
- Kaur S, Ma Z, Gopal R, Singh G, Ramakrishna S, Matsuura T, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la701329r., 23(26), 13085 (2007)
- Goddard JM, Hotchkiss JH, Prog. Polym. Sci, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.04.002., 32(7), 698 (2007)
- Wang YX, Robertson JL, Spillman WB, Claus RO, Pharm. Res., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:PHAM.0000036909.41843.18., 21(8), 1362 (2004)
- Bok S, Lim GH, Lim B, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.10.031. (2016)
- Wenzel RN, J. Phys. Colloid Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j150474a015., 53(9), 1466 (1949)
- Jopp J, Grull H, Yerushalmi-Rozen R, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0497651., 20(23), 10015 (2004)
- Dorrer C, Ruhe J, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la7029938., 24(5), 1959 (2008)
- Bormashenko E, Bormashenko Y, Whyman G, Pogreb R, Stanevsky O, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2006.06.016., 302(1), 308 (2006)
- Wang R, Hashimoto K, Fujishima A, Chikuni M, Kojima E, Kitamura A, Shimohigoshi M, Watanabe T, Nature, 388(6641), 431 (1997)
- Miyauchi M, Nakajima A, Watanabe T, Hashimoto K, Chem. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm020355c., 14(11), 4714 (2002)
- Sun RD, Nakajima A, Fujishima A, Watanabe T, Hashimoto K, J. Phys. Chem. B, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp002525j., 105(10), 1984 (2001)
- Zhu W, Feng X, Feng L, Jiang L, Chem. Commun., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B603634A., 26, 2753 (2006)
- Tang KJ, Wang XF, Yan WF, Yu JH, Xu RR, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.10.005., 286(1-2), 279 (2006)
- Young KH, Patil KR, Kim HK, Sathaye SD, Hwang JS, Park SE, Chang JS, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 26(10), 1515 (2005)
- Jeong YM, Lee JK, Jun HW, Kim GR, Choe YS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2008.09.013., 15(2), 202 (2009)
- Banerjee S, Dionysiou DD, Pillai SC, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.03.058., 176-177, 396 (2015)
- Yang P, Wang K, Liang Z, Mai W, Wang C, Xie W, Liu P, Zhang L, Cai X, Tan S, Song J, Nanoscale, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2NR31380D., 4(18), 5755 (2012)
- Patil P, Gude VG, Pinappu S, Deng SG, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.02.030., 168(3), 1296 (2011)
- Lokman IM, Rashid U, Zainal Z, Yunus R, Taufiq-Yap YH, J. Oleo Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess14068., 63(9), 849 (2014)
- Ali M, Watson IA, Renew. Energy, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.11.024., 76, 470 (2015)
- Choedkiatsakul I, Ngaosuwan K, Assabumrungrat S, Tabasso S, Cravotto G, Biomass Bioenerg., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.03.013., 77, 186 (2015)
- Teo CL, Idris A, Bioresour. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.035., 174, 281 (2014)
- Jimoh OA, Mahmed N, Okoye PU, Ariffin KS, Environ. Earth Sci., 75(18), 1251 (2016)
- Hong IK, Jeon H, Kim H, Lee SB, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.07.035., 42, 107 (2016)
- Yadav GD, Devendran S, J. Mol. Catal. B-Enzym., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.05.007., 81, 58 (2012)
- Deng SG, Lin YS, Chem. Eng. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(97)00495-8., 52(10), 1563 (1997)
- Razzaq T, Kremsner JM, Kappe CO, J. Org. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo8009402., 73(16), 6321 (2008)
- Das S, Mukhopadhyay AK, Datta S, Basu D, Bull. Mat. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12034-008-0150-x., 31(7), 943 (2008)
- Zhou S, Hawley MC, Compos. Struct., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(03)00061-8., 61(4), 303 (2003)
- Moseley JD, Kappe CO, Green Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C0GC00823K., 13(4), 794 (2011)
- Bizi-Bandoki P, Benayoun S, Valette S, Beaugiraud B, Audouard E, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.12.089., 257(12), 5213 (2011)
- Zhou M, Yang HF, Li BJ, Dai J, Di JK, Zhao EL, Cai L, Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4920-5., 94(3), 571 (2009)
- Kietzig AM, Mirvakili MN, Kamal S, Englezos P, Hatzikiriakos SG, J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/016942410X549988., 25(20), 2789 (2011)
- Decher G, Hong JD, Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19910460145., 46(1), 321 (1991)
- Decher G, Multilayer Thin Films, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, 2002, pp. 1.
- Decher G, Science, 277(5330), 1232 (1997)
- Rajesh S, Yan Y, Chang HC, Gao H, Phillip WA, ACS Nano, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn504736w., 8(12), 12338 (2014)
- Heo J, Hong J, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.07.032., 42, 126 (2016)
- Ma Z, Mao Z, Gao C, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.019., 60(2), 137 (2007)
- Tiraferri A, Vecitis CD, Elimelech M, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am200536p., 3(8), 2869 (2011)
- Ariga K, Yamauchi Y, Rydzek G, Ji Q, Yonamine Y, Wu KCW, Hill JP, ChemInform, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201421296., 45(21) (2014)
- Cho Y, Lee JB, Hong J, Sci. Rep., 4, 4078 (2014)
- DeMuth PC, Min YJ, Huang B, Kramer JA, Miller AD, Barouch DH, Hammond PT, Irvine DJ, Nat. Mater., 12(4), 367 (2013)
- Chen L, Therien-Aubin H, Wong MCY, Hoek EMV, Ober CK, J. Mater. Chem. B, 1(1), 5651 (2013)
- Ariga K, Hill JP, Ji Q, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B700410A., 9(19), 2319 (2007)
- Dubas ST, Kumlangdudsana P, Potiyaraj P, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.04.012., 289(1-3), 105 (2006)
- Yu M, Gu GT, Meng WD, Qing FL, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.07.086., 253(7), 3669 (2007)
- Grandcolas M, Sinault L, Mosset F, Louvet A, Keller N, Keller V, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2010.05.028., 391(1-2), 455 (2011)
- Yun YJ, Hong WG, Kim WJ, Jun Y, Kim BH, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201303225., 25(40), 5701 (2013)
- Tian M, Hu X, Qu L, Zhu S, Sun Y, Han G, Carbon, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.080., 96, 1166 (2016)
- Grandcolas M, Louvet A, Keller N, Keller V, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200802932., 48(1), 161 (2009)
- Lin T, Wang H, Wang H, Wang X, Nanotechnology, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/15/9/044., 15(9), 1375 (2004)
- Pan H, Wang W, Pan Y, Song L, Hu Y, Liew KM, Carbohydr. Polym., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.084., 115, 516 (2015)
- Carosio F, Laufer G, Alongi J, Camino G, Grunlan JC, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.02.019., 96(5), 745 (2011)
- Zhang X, Shen JC, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199909)11:13<1139:AID-ADMA1139>3.0. CO ;2-7., 11(13), 1139 (1999)
- Cebeci FC, Wu ZZ, Zhai L, Cohen RE, Rubner MF, Langmuir, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la053182p., 22(6), 2856 (2006)
- Guo HX, Sun PZ, Liang YC, Ma YW, Qin ZP, Cui SP, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.05.025., 253, 198 (2014)
- Chen JJ, Thomas JJ, Taylor HFW, Jennings HM, Cem. Concr. Res., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.034., 34(9), 1499 (2004)
- Lin X, Hwangbo S, Jeong H, Cho YA, Ahn H, Hong J, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.02.017. (2016)
- Choi M, Xiangde L, Park J, Choi D, Heo J, Chang M, Lee C, Hong J, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.052., 309, 463 (2017)
- Lopez-Torres D, Elosua C, Hernaez M, Goicoechea J, Arregui FJ, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.06.004., 351, 1081 (2015)
- Lin X, Yang M, Jeong H, Chang M, Hong J, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.01.035., 506, 22 (2016)
- Meulen BPT, Recl. Des Trav. Chim Des Pays-Bas, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19921111015., 111(10), 458 (1992)
- Oehr C, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00650-5., 208, 40 (2003)
- Zhang JH, Yang B, Adv. Funct. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201000795., 20(20), 3411 (2010)
- Banerjee N, Krupanidhi SB, J. Alloy. Compd., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.08.088., 547, 147 (2013)
- Baglin JEE, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.11.074., 258(9), 4103 (2012)
- Liu MJ, Wang ST, Wei ZX, Song YL, Jiang L, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200801782., 21(6), 665 (2009)
- Gu CD, Zhang J, Tu JP, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.064., 352(2), 573 (2010)
- Zheng Y, Ma X, Li Y, Jiang R, Wang K, Lan Z, Liang Q, Appl. Therm. Eng., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.177. (2016)
- Klein E, Smith JK, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i360042a017., 11(2), 207 (1972)
- Zhang W, Zhu Y, Liu X, Wang D, Li J, Jiang L, Jin J, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201308183., 856 (2014)
- Lin DJ, Chang CL, Huang FM, Cheng LP, Polymer, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00731-0., 44(2), 413 (2003)
- Yeow ML, Liu YT, Li K, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2005.01.015., 258(1-2), 16 (2005)
- Zhang WB, Zhang F, Gao SJ, Zhu YZ, Li JY, Jin J, Sep. Purif. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.09.076., 156, 207 (2015)
- Gohari RJ, Korminouri F, Lau WJ, Ismail AF, Matsuura T, Chowdhury MNK, Halakoo E, Gohari MSJ, Sep. Purif. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.06.031., 150, 13 (2015)
- Huang W, Chen Y, Yang C, Situ Y, Huang H, Ceram. Int., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.02.081., 41(6), 7573 (2015)
- Zhang YM, Zou LD, Ladewig BP, Mulcahy D, Desalination, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.02.004., 362, 59 (2015)
- Ye L, Zhang Y, Song C, Li Y, Jiang B, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.09.043.(Septemb), 1 (2016)
- Ou HH, Lo SL, Sep. Purif. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2007.07.017., 5(1), 179 (2007)
- Byrappa K, Adschiri T, Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2007.04.001., 53(2), 117 (2007)
- Zhao PT, Shen YF, Ge SF, Chen ZQ, Yoshikawa K, Appl. Energy, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.06.038., 131, 345 (2014)
- Law WS, Lam SW, Gan WY, Scott J, Amal R, Thin Solid Films, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2009.01.071., 517(18), 5425 (2009)
- Gan WY, Lam SW, Chiang K, Amal R, Zhao H, Brungs MP, J. Mater. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B618280A., 17, 952 (2007)
- Zeng J, Guo Z, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.12.071., 444, 283 (2014)
- Dong R, Jiang S, Li Z, Chen Z, Zhang H, Jin C, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.03.100., 152, 151 (2015)
- Liu Y, Wang B, Li E, Song X, Yan H, Zhang X, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.04.008., 404, 52 (2012)
- Pang RZ, Li JS, Wei KJ, Sun XY, Shen JY, Han WQ, Wang LJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.001., 364(2), 373 (2011)
- Zhang J, Li B, Wang Z, Cheng G, Dong S, Anal. Chim. Acta, 388(1), 71 (1999)
- Neoh KG, Tan KK, Goh PL, Huang SW, Kang ET, Tan KL, Polymer, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00297-3., 40(4), 887 (1999)
- Cho JW, Sul KI, Polymer, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00371-2., 42(2), 727 (2001)
- Mackenzie JD, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020720831098., 26(1), 23 (2003)
- Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Rangarajan R, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.09.025., 248(1-2), 37 (2005)
- Kim DS, Park HB, Rhim JW, Lee YM, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.010., 240(1-2), 37 (2004)
- Clarizia G, Algieria C, Drioli E, Polymer, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.06.001., 45(16), 5671 (2004)
- Wu CM, Xu TW, Yang WH, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00082-6., 216(1-2), 269 (2003)
- Zhong SH, Li CF, Xiao XF, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00676-7., 199(1-2), 53 (2002)
- Kim JH, Lee YM, J. Membr. Sci., 193(2), 209 (2001)
- Honma I, Hirakawa S, Yamada K, Bae JM, Solid State Ion., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(98)00450-0., 118(1-2), 29 (1999)
- Huang T, Huang W, Zhou C, Situ Y, Huang H, Surf. Coat. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.10.033., 213, 126 (2012)
- Wang XD, Deng X, Bai ZX, Zhang XX, Feng XS, Huang W, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.06.007., 468, 202 (2014)
- Kowalski D, Kim D, Schmuki P, Nano Today, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2013.04.010., 8(3), 235 (2013)
- Shin HC, Dong J, Liu ML, Adv. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200305660., 16(3), 237 (2004)
- Indira K, Ningshen S, Mudali UK, Rajendran N, Mater. Charact., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.06.005., 71, 58 (2012)
- Xie K, Li J, Lai Y, Lu W, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhou L, Huang H, Electrochem. Commun., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.03.040., 13(6), 657 (2011)
- Xie K, Lu Z, Huang H, Lu W, Lai Y, Li J, Zhou L, Liu Y, J. Mater. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2JM15955D., 22(12), 5560 (2012)
- Pauric AD, Baig SA, Pantaleo AN, Wang Y, Kruse P, J. Electrochem. Soc., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.001302jes., 160(1), C12 (2013)
- Lee CY, Lee K, Schmuki P, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201208793., 52(7), 2077 (2013)
- Zhang G, Li W, Xie K, Yu F, Huang H, Adv. Funct. Mater., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201203418., 23(29), 3675 (2013)
- Ismail S, Ahmad ZA, Berenov A, Lockman Z, Corrosion Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2010.11.044., 53(4), 1156 (2011)
- Jha H, Hahn R, Schmuki P, Electrochim. Acta, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.07.098., 55(28), 8883 (2010)
- Lee W, Ji R, Gosele U, Nielsch K, Nat. Mater., 5(9), 741 (2006)
- Wei W, Lee K, Shaw S, Schmuki P, Chem. Commun., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2CC31007D., 48(35), 4244 (2012)
- Venkateswarlu K, Rameshbabu N, Sreekanth D, Sandhyarani M, Bose AC, Muthupandi V, Subramanian S, Electrochim. Acta, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.032., 105, 468 (2013)
- Liu G, Du K, Wang K, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.01.010., 2015, 1 (2016)
- Nakajima D, Kikuchi T, Natsui S, Suzuki RO, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.06.088., 389, 173 (2016)
- Joung YS, Buie CR, J. Phys. Chem. B, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp306489 g., 117(6), 1714 (2013)
- Liang JS, Liu KY, Wang DZ, Li H, Li PF, Li SZ, Su SJ, Xu SC, Luo Y, Appl. Surf. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.02.117., 338, 126 (2015)
- Huang ZM, Zhang YZ, Kotaki M, Ramakrishna S, Compos. Sci. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00178-7., 63(15), 2223 (2003)
- Niu Q, Zeng L, Mu X, Nie J, Ma G, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2015.12.006., 34, 337 (2016)
- Frenot A, Chronakis IS, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1359-0294(03)00004-9., 8(1), 64 (2003)
- Chun DHRI, Nanotechnology, 7(3), 216 (1996)
- Valizadeh A, Farkhani SM, IET Nanobiotechnol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-nbt.2012.0040., 8(2), 83 (2014)
- Matsumoto H, Tanioka A, Membranes (Basel), doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes1030249., 1(3), 249 (2011)
- Lin J, Wang X, Ding B, Yu J, Sun G, Wang M, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mat. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2011.627096., 37(July (2), 94 (2012)
- Zhu X, Zhang H, Nie J, Ma G, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.09.045., 45, 334 (2017)
- Ahmed FE, Lalia BS, Hashaikeh R, Desalination, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.09.033., 356, 15 (2015)
- Kim IG, Lee JH, Unnithan AR, Park CH, Kim CS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2015.06.033., 31, 251 (2015)
- Kim SJ, Yun SM, Lee YS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2009.08.004., 16(2), 273 (2010)
- Zhu Y, Zhang JC, Zhai J, Jiang L, Thin Solid Films, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.09.004., 510(1-2), 271 (2006)
- Li G, Zhao Y, Lv M, Shi Y, Cao D, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.07.014., 436, 417 (2013)
- Abdal-Hay A, Pant HR, Lim JK, Eur. Polym. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.02.004., 49(6), 1314 (2013)
- Mohammad AW, Teow YH, Ang WL, Chung YT, Oatley-Radcliffe DL, Hilal N, Desalination, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.043., 356, 226 (2015)
- Obaid M, Barakat NAM, Fadali OA, Al-Meer S, Elsaid K, Khalil KA, Polymer, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.07.006., 72, 125 (2015)
- Obaid M, Fadali OA, Lim B, Fouad H, Barakat NAM, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.09.121., 138, 196 (2015)
- Weng XD, Ji YL, Ma R, Zhao FY, An QF, Gao CJ, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.070., 510, 122 (2016)
- Ma X, Dong Z, Zhang P, Zhong Q, Xu Z, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.04.145., 156, 58 (2015)
- Wu J, Jiang Y, Jiang D, He J, Cai G, Wang J, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.07.146., 160, 384 (2015)
- Xu GR, Wang JN, Li CJ, Desalination, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.022., 328, 83 (2013)
- Li J, Yan L, Li W, Li J, Zha F, Lei Z, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.03.146., 153, 62 (2015)
- Yang HC, Liao KJ, Huang H, Wu QY, Wan LS, Xu ZK, J. Mater. Chem., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta00143e., 2(26), 10225 (2014)
- Ahmed FE, Lalia BS, Hilal N, Hashaikeh R, Desalination, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.03.010., 344, 48 (2014)
- Wang JJ, Wang DS, Wang J, Zhao WL, Wang CW, Surf. Coat. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.12.033., 205(12), 3596 (2011)
- Chen T, Duan M, Fang S, Ceram. Int., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.090., 42(7), 8604 (2016)
- Song S, Jing L, Li S, Fu H, Luan Y, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2008.03.005., 62(20), 3503 (2008)
- Liu MM, Li J, Guo ZG, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.01.024., 467, 261 (2016)
- Shi H, He Y, Pan Y, Di HH, Zeng GY, Zhang L, Zhang CL, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.01.053., 506, 60 (2016)
- Li J, Yan L, Hu W, Li D, Zha F, Lei Z, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.11.008., 489, 441 (2016)
- Goetz LA, Jalvo B, Rosal R, Mathew AP, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.069., 510, 238 (2016)
- Lu TT, Xu XX, Liu XX, Sun T, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.09.009., 308, 151 (2017)
- Liu J, Li P, Chen L, Feng Y, He W, Lv X, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.08.124., 185, 169 (2016)
- Hu X, Yu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Song L, Mater. Lett., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.06.125., 182, 372 (2016)
- Fan LW, Li JQ, Zhang L, Yu ZT, Cen KF, Appl. Therm. Eng., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.08.131., 109, 630 (2016)
- Liu J, Li P, Chen L, Feng Y, He W, Yan X, Lu X, Surf. Coat. Technol., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.08.052., 307, 171 (2016)
- Wang JH, Zhu LP, Zhu BK, Xu YY, J. Colloid Interface Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.07.052., 363(2), 676 (2011)
- Shan L, Gong L, Fan H, Ji S, Zhang G, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.023., 522, 183 (2017)
- Wang ZF, Espin L, Bates FS, Kumar S, Macosko CW, Chem. Eng. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2016.02.006., 146, 104 (2016)
- Zhu YZ, Xie W, Li JY, Xing TL, Jin J, J. Membr. Sci., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.12.026., 477, 131 (2015)
- Al-Harbi OA, Khan MM, Ozgur C, Mater. Des., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.035., 96, 296 (2016)
- Zhou CL, Cheng J, Hou K, Zhao A, Pi PH, Wen XF, Xu SP, Chem. Eng. J., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.05.026., 301, 249 (2016)
- Ozgur C, San O, Ceram. Int., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.11.007., 37(3), 965 (2011)
- Otitoju TA, Ahmad AL, Ooi BS, J. Water Process Eng., doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.10.011. (2016)