Fabrication of Grid-Type Transparent Conducting Electrodes Based on Controlled Mechanical Fracture

Jeong Hui Lee; Bonghoon Chung; SeongHo Park; Hong Chul Moon; Dong Hyun Lee

Macromolecular Research, Vol.26, No.2, 157-163, February, 2018

DOI10.1007/s13233-018-6026-z Export Citation

Fabrication of Grid-Type Transparent Conducting Electrodes Based on Controlled Mechanical Fracture

Jeong Hui Lee, Bonghoon Chung¹, SeongHo Park, Hong Chul Moon^{2, †}, and Dong Hyun Lee^†

Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 16890, Korea
¹POSCO Global R&D Center, 100 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, Korea
²Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea

E-mail:,

Herein, we developed a unique and effective method to fabricate the silver networks embedded in flexible substrates by controlling mechanical fracture in the oxidized surface of elastomers for a highly transparent conducting electrode (TCE). A brittle silica-like layer on a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) was generated by carrying out UV/ozone treatment. Then, cracks were uniformly produced in the silica-like layer by bending the elastic substrates at different stains. After the PDMS replica with crack patterns was produced, silver ink was filled into the cracks and sintered to form conducting networks embedded in the PDMS substrate. The resulting highly transparent and conductive electrode was mechanically robust to bending strains. The silver networks-based TCEs was successfully applied to emissive electrochemiluminescent (ECL) devices.

Keywords:transparent conducting electrodes;silver grids;mechanical fracture;ionic liquid;electrochemiluminescence

[References]

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Chu H, Chang Y, Lin Y, Chang S, Chang W, Li G, Tuan H, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 13009 (2016)
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Lipomi DJ, Vosgueritchian M, Tee BCK, Hellstrom SL, Lee JA, Fox CH, Bao ZN, Nat. Nanotechnol., 6(12), 788 (2011)
Yu WJ, Lee SY, Chae SH, Perello D, Han GH, Yun M, Lee YH, Nano Lett., 11, 1344 (2011)
RAO KDM, Hunger C, Gupta R, Kulkarni GU, Thelakkat M, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 15107 (2014)
Lim S, Kang B, Kwak D, Lee WH, Lim JA, Cho K, J. Phys. Chem., 116, 7520 (2012)
Wu H, Kong DS, Ruan ZC, Hsu PC, Wang S, Yu ZF, Carney TJ, Hu LB, Fan SH, Cui Y, Nat. Nanotechnol., 8(6), 421 (2013)
Guo CF, Sun T, Liu Q, Suo Z, Ren Z, Nat. Commun., 5, 3121 (2014)
Bao C, Yang J, Gao H, Li F, Yao Y, Yang B, Fu G, Zhou X, Yu T, Qin Y, Liu J, Zou Z, ACS Nano, 9, 2502 (2015)
Kang MG, Kim MS, Kim JS, Guo LJ, Adv. Mater., 20(23), 4408 (2008)
Seo KW, Noh YJ, Na SI, Kim HK, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 155, 51 (2016)
Zhou W, Chen J, Li Y, Wang D, Chen J, Feng X, Huang Z, Liu R, Lin X, Zhang H, Mi B, Ma Y, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 11122 (2016)
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Mills KL, Huh D, Takayama S, Thouless MD, Lab Chip, 10, 1627 (2010)
Zhu XY, Mills KL, Peters PR, Bahng JH, Liu EH, Shim J, Naruse K, Csete ME, Thouless MD, Takayama S, Nat. Mater., 4(5), 403 (2005)
Hsueh CH, Yanaka M, J. Mater. Sci., 38(8), 1809 (2003)
Kim H, Lee S, Suh K, Lab Chip, 11, 717 (2011)
Hsueh CH, Evans AG, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68, 241 (1985)
Nahta R, Moran B, Eng. Fract. Mech., 52, 513 (1995)
Bowden N, Huck WT, Paul KE, Whitesides GM, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75, 2557 (1999)
Park J, Chae HY, Chung C, Sim SJ, Park J, Lee HH, Yoo PJ, Soft Matter, 6, 677 (2010)
Xuan Y, Guo X, Cui Y, Yuan C, Ge H, Cui B, Chen Y, Soft Matter, 8, 9603 (2012)
Kim P, Abkarian M, Stone HA, Nat. Mater., 10(12), 952 (2011)
Watanabe M, Mizukami K, Macromolecules, 45(17), 7128 (2012)
Bayley FA, Liao JL, Stavrinou PN, Chiche A, Cabral JT, Soft Matter, 10, 1155 (2014)
Yu S, Zhang X, Xiao X, Zhou H, Chen M, Soft Matter, 11, 2203 (2015)
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Douville NJ, Li Z, Takayama S, Thouless MD, Soft Matter, 7, 6493 (2011)
Park S, Moon HC, Lee DH, RSC Adv., 6, 50158 (2016)
Moon HC, Lodge TP, Frisbie CD, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136(9), 3705 (2014)
Moon HC, Lodge TP, Frisbie CD, J. Mater. Chem., 4, 8448 (2016)

[Referenced By]

[1] Wu J, Agrawal M, Becerril HA, Bao Z, Liu Z, Chen Y, Peumans P, ACS Nano, 4, 43 (2009)

[2] Chu H, Chang Y, Lin Y, Chang S, Chang W, Li G, Tuan H, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 13009 (2016)

[3] Choi H, Choi JS, Kim JS, Choe JH, Chung KH, Shin JW, Kim JT, Youn D, Kim K, Lee J, Choi S, Kim P, Choi C, Yu J, Small, 10, 3685 (2014)

[4] Lipomi DJ, Vosgueritchian M, Tee BCK, Hellstrom SL, Lee JA, Fox CH, Bao ZN, Nat. Nanotechnol., 6(12), 788 (2011)

[5] Yu WJ, Lee SY, Chae SH, Perello D, Han GH, Yun M, Lee YH, Nano Lett., 11, 1344 (2011)

[6] RAO KDM, Hunger C, Gupta R, Kulkarni GU, Thelakkat M, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 15107 (2014)

[7] Lim S, Kang B, Kwak D, Lee WH, Lim JA, Cho K, J. Phys. Chem., 116, 7520 (2012)

[8] Wu H, Kong DS, Ruan ZC, Hsu PC, Wang S, Yu ZF, Carney TJ, Hu LB, Fan SH, Cui Y, Nat. Nanotechnol., 8(6), 421 (2013)

[9] Guo CF, Sun T, Liu Q, Suo Z, Ren Z, Nat. Commun., 5, 3121 (2014)

[10] Bao C, Yang J, Gao H, Li F, Yao Y, Yang B, Fu G, Zhou X, Yu T, Qin Y, Liu J, Zou Z, ACS Nano, 9, 2502 (2015)

[11] Kang MG, Kim MS, Kim JS, Guo LJ, Adv. Mater., 20(23), 4408 (2008)

[12] Seo KW, Noh YJ, Na SI, Kim HK, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 155, 51 (2016)

[13] Zhou W, Chen J, Li Y, Wang D, Chen J, Feng X, Huang Z, Liu R, Lin X, Zhang H, Mi B, Ma Y, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 11122 (2016)

[14] Park J, Hwang J, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 47, 405102 (2014)

[15] Ni JL, Zhu XF, Pei ZL, Gong J, Sun C, Zhang GP, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 42, 175404 (2009)

[16] Hsueh CH, Wereszczak AA, J. Appl. Phys., 96, 3501 (2004)

[17] Bazhenov SL, Volynskii AL, Alexandrov VM, Bakeev NF, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 40(1), 10 (2002)

[18] Ye T, Suo Z, Evans AG, Int. J. Solids Struct., 29, 2639 (1992)

[19] Mills KL, Huh D, Takayama S, Thouless MD, Lab Chip, 10, 1627 (2010)

[20] Zhu XY, Mills KL, Peters PR, Bahng JH, Liu EH, Shim J, Naruse K, Csete ME, Thouless MD, Takayama S, Nat. Mater., 4(5), 403 (2005)

[21] Hsueh CH, Yanaka M, J. Mater. Sci., 38(8), 1809 (2003)

[22] Kim H, Lee S, Suh K, Lab Chip, 11, 717 (2011)

[23] Hsueh CH, Evans AG, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68, 241 (1985)

[24] Nahta R, Moran B, Eng. Fract. Mech., 52, 513 (1995)

[25] Bowden N, Huck WT, Paul KE, Whitesides GM, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75, 2557 (1999)

[26] Park J, Chae HY, Chung C, Sim SJ, Park J, Lee HH, Yoo PJ, Soft Matter, 6, 677 (2010)

[27] Xuan Y, Guo X, Cui Y, Yuan C, Ge H, Cui B, Chen Y, Soft Matter, 8, 9603 (2012)

[28] Kim P, Abkarian M, Stone HA, Nat. Mater., 10(12), 952 (2011)

[29] Watanabe M, Mizukami K, Macromolecules, 45(17), 7128 (2012)

[30] Bayley FA, Liao JL, Stavrinou PN, Chiche A, Cabral JT, Soft Matter, 10, 1155 (2014)

[31] Yu S, Zhang X, Xiao X, Zhou H, Chen M, Soft Matter, 11, 2203 (2015)

[32] Befahy S, Lipnik P, Pardoen T, Nascimento C, Patris B, Bertrand P, Yunus S, Langmuir, 26, 3372 (2009)

[33] Douville NJ, Li Z, Takayama S, Thouless MD, Soft Matter, 7, 6493 (2011)

[34] Park S, Moon HC, Lee DH, RSC Adv., 6, 50158 (2016)

[35] Moon HC, Lodge TP, Frisbie CD, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136(9), 3705 (2014)

[36] Moon HC, Lodge TP, Frisbie CD, J. Mater. Chem., 4, 8448 (2016)