Properties of Conductive Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/Carbon Black (CB) Composite as a Vapor Sensor

Youn Mook Lim; Phil Hyun Kang; Young Moo Lee; Young Chang Nho

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.10, No.2, 267-272, March, 2004

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Properties of Conductive Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/Carbon Black (CB) Composite as a Vapor Sensor

Youn Mook Lim, Phil Hyun Kang¹, Young Moo Lee , and Young Chang Nho^{1, †}

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
¹Radiation Application Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-600, Korea

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We have investigated the effect of solvent and carbon black structure on the electric resistance of the vapor sensor composite materials prepared by dispersing carbon black (CB) into a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix. PEO polymers having molecular weights of 2 X 10⁶ and 4 X 10⁶ were selected to be the polar crystalline polymers. Carbon black, with particle sizes ranging from 45 to 300 nm, was used as a conductive material. After PEO was dissolved completely in tetrahydrofuran at 50 ℃, CB was added and stirred into the polymer solution uniformly. A conductive PEO film containing CB was made by casting it on a glass plate. The electrical resistance of the conductive PEO film in various solvent vapors, such as acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and tetrahydrofuran, was measured in a glass tube containing pure solvent at the bottom. We found that the electrical resistance of the PEO/CB composite increased drastically in polar-solvent vapor, but had a low response to a non- and low-polar-solvent vapor. A PEO film filled with CB of large particle size exhibited a high response of its electrical resistance against vapors.

Keywords:poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO);carbon black;vapor sensor;film casting;electric resistance;polymer thin film

[References]

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[Referenced By]

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[1] Lonergan MC, Severin EJ, Doleman BJ, Beaber SA, Grubbs RH, Lewis NS, Chem. Mater., 8, 2298 (1996)

[2] Shurmer HV, Corcoran P, Gardner JW, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 4, 29 (1991)

[3] Pearce TC, Gardner JW, Friel S, Bartlett PN, Blair N, Analyst, 118, 371 (1993)

[4] Freund MS, Lewis NS, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 92, 2652 (1995)

[5] Slater JM, Watt EJ, Analyst, 116, 1125 (1991)

[6] Grate JW, Martin SJ, White RM, Anal. Chem., 65, A987 (1993)

[7] Grate JW, Martin SJ, White RM, Anal. Chem., 65, A940 (1993)

[8] Cornila C, Hierlemann A, Lenggenhager R, Malcovati P, Baltes H, Noetzel G, Weimar U, Gopel W, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 25, 357 (1995)

[9] Johnson SR, Sutter JM, Engelhardt HL, Jurs PC, White J, Kauer JS, Dickinson TA, Walt DR, Anal. Chem., 69, 4641 (1997)

[10] Dickinson TA, White J, Kauer JS, Walt DR, Nature, 382(6593), 697 (1996)

[11] White J, Kauer JS, Dickinson TA, Walt DR, Anal. Chem., 68, 2191 (1996)

[12] Doleman BJ, Sanner RD, Severin EJ, Grubbs RH, Lewis NS, Anal. Chem., 70, 2560 (1998)

[13] Vaid TP, Burl MC, Lewis NS, Anal. Chem., 73, 321 (2001)

[14] Kim JI, Kang PH, Nho YC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 8(4), 380 (2002)

[15] Sohn JR, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 8(4), 386 (2002)

[16] Chen JH, Tsubokawa N, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 77(11), 2437 (2000)