Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.10, No.1, 152-160, January, 2004
Pollutants in rainwater runoff and their control by surface modification using TiO2
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Water shortage as well as water control problems including urban flood and drought have led to developing technologies for rainwater utilization in order to provide a sustainable water supply for non-potable use in urban area and to buffer extreme runoff situations in the watercourses. However, little information is available on the water qualities and runoff properties of collected rainwater for efficient design and maintenance strategies of rainwater utilization systems. In this study, the characteristics of rainwater were examined in terms of pollutant concentrations and outflow rate. Samples of runoff rainwater from various catchment surfaces were analyzed for physico-chemical and microbial determinants including heavy metals, nutrients, pH, turbidity, conductivity, and microorganisms. The results show that the first flush of rainwater contains substantial amount of contaminants that potentially pollute the whole rainwater. Surface treatment of roof catchment area using TiO2 photocatalyst allowed a better runoff property of rainwater because of its improved hydrophilicity and photo-assisted reactivity. Further research is required on photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coated surface and its long-term stability for efficient application in rainwater utilization.
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